1/37. fluorescence in situ hybridization to assess transitional changes of aneuploidy for chromosomes 7, 8, 10, 12, 16, X and Y in metastatic prostate cancer following anti-androgen therapy.There have been few detailed studies conducted on the cell population in relation to cytogenetic changes between the pre- and post-treatment periods in patients with prostate cancer. We investigated numerical chromosome changes associated with anti-androgen therapy, using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). FISH using chromosome-specific centromeric probes was used to assess transitional changes in the frequency of aneuploidy for chromosomes 7, 8, 10, 12, 16, X, and Y in prostate cancer during the pre- and post-treatment periods. Gains of chromosomes 7, 8 and 12 were notable in the pre-treatment samples (8 out of 9 cases in chromosome 7; 8 out of 9 cases in chromosome 8; 7 out of 9 cases in chromosome 12), while a notable reduction in the number of cells with extra copies of these chromosomes was observed in post-treatment specimens. Other chromosomes did not show noticeable change in their FISH signals at each phase of clinical treatment in all 9 cases. Changes in cell number with high ploidies of chromosome 7, 8 and 12 reflect the clinical effects of anti-androgen therapy at the early phase, which might explain the androgen dependency of metastatic prostate cancer cells.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/37. Exaggerated signet-ring cell change in stromal nodule of prostate: a pseudoneoplastic proliferation.A stromal nodule of the prostate was incidentally identified in a simple prostatectomy specimen from a 66-year-old man with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Microscopically, the nodule consisted of short spindly cells with bland nuclear features. Many of the cells in the nodule, however, contained a large, clear cytoplasmic vacuole that displaced and indented the nucleus, generating signet-ring cell morphology. Immunohistochemically, these cells were strongly positive for vimentin and weakly positive for desmin, suggesting a myofibroblastic nature. Further immunostains demonstrated the cells to be negative for cytokeratins and prostate-specific antigen, excluding the possibility of signet-ring cell carcinoma. The cytoplasmic vacuoles also stained negative for mucin production. Electron microscopy revealed no intracytoplasmic lumina. Notably, thermal effect or other signs of cellular injury, frequently associated with signet-ring cell change seen in prostate specimens obtained by transurethral resection and needle biopsy, were not appreciated in this stromal nodule. This case demonstrates that signet-ring cell change may occur in benign, hyperplastic, prostatic stromal cells in the absence of cellular damage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.75keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/37. A seminal vesicle cyst complicated with a tumor like nodular mass of benign proliferating prostatic tissue: a case report with ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies.We report a seminal vesicle cyst complicated with a tumor-like nodular mass of benign proliferating prostatic tissue. The patient was a 53-year-old Japanese man. A cyst of approximately 4.5 cm in diameter was discovered at the left seminal vesicle area. In the inner part of the cyst, a papillary nodular mass of 0.7 cm in diameter was seen. Under the clinical diagnosis of a seminal vesicle cyst with a tumorous mural nodule, the patient underwent resection of the seminal vesicle cyst to rule out the possibility that the nodular mass in the cyst was a neoplasm of an especially malignant nature. Microscopic examination of the excised specimen revealed a small dome-like nodular mass on the luminal surface of the cyst consisting of nodular proliferation of benign tubular gland tissue with various configurations. Conventional histologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analysis showed the proliferating cells in the nodular mass consisted of the benign prostate type. It is extremely important to differentiate between a benign proliferation and a malignant one, when the nodular mass is found in the seminal vesicle cyst.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/37. Paneth cell-like metaplasia of the prostate gland.We report two cases of Paneth cell-like metaplasia of the prostate gland, one in poorly differentiated carcinoma and the second in benign hyperplasia. By light microscopy, the Paneth-like cells were indistinguishable from paneth cells found in the normal small intestine and ultrastructurally showed electron-dense granules typical of paneth cells. Immunohistochemical stains were positive for prostate-specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase and negative for lysozyme and alpha 1-antitrypsin. The clinical significance of Paneth cell-like metaplasia is unknown and may represent an example of the multipotential metaplastic capability of actively dividing cells.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/37. Basal cell hyperplasia of prostate: an elusive lesion?We report a case of basal cell hyperplasia of the prostate accompanying benign prostatic hypertrophy. The histogenesis of the basal cells as well as the histologic features and differential diagnosis of basal cell hyperplasia are reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.75keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/37. Large solitary fibrous tumor of the seminal vesicle.solitary fibrous tumors show a classic morphologic pattern ("patternless pattern") consisting mainly of a proliferation of bland spindle cells with varying amounts of thick, often hyalinized or keloid-like, intercellular collagen bundles. immunohistochemistry shows a strong reactivity for CD34 antigen, vimentin, and, in a variable percentage, bcl-2 antigen. We report the case of a 50-year-old man with a large solitary fibrous tumor located in the pelvic cavity with a rare nonspecific histologic pattern of pseudovascular formations. The patient underwent pelvic exenteration with orthotopic continent urinary diversion and sigmoid-J-pouch bowel reconstruction. No signs of tumor recurrence were noted within 24 months of surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.76975798391043keywords = cell, spindle cell, spindle (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/37. Basal cell proliferations of the prostate other than usual basal cell hyperplasia: a clinicopathologic study of 23 cases, including four carcinomas, with a proposed classification.Basaloid proliferations of the prostate with morphologic patterns other than usual basal cell hyperplasia are rare, and the distinction between benign and malignant lesions has been difficult. We describe 23 such lesions and classify them into two groups: adenoid cystic-like hyperplasia and adenoid cystic or basaloid carcinoma. Adenoid cystic-like hyperplasia (n = 19) was characterized by an older age at presentation (mean, 71.8 years), transition zone location with background of nodular hyperplasia, multifocality, lobulation, circumscription, and small acini with occasional hyalinization. A cribriform pattern limited to small- and medium-sized glands, squamous metaplasia, and hypercellular myxoid stroma were occasionally seen. Adenoid cystic carcinoma (n = 3) was characterized by a younger age at presentation (mean, 46.0 years), peripheral zone involvement, and large acini that were often dilated and exhibited extensive interanastomoses, prominent intraglandular hyalinization, perineural invasion, and extraprostatic extension. Basaloid carcinoma (n = 1) showed infiltration between normal glands, perineural invasion, and extraprostatic extension but lacked a cribriform architecture. The degree of cytologic atypia and mitotic rate overlapped between the hyperplasia and carcinoma cases. Both hyperplastic lesions and adenoid cystic carcinomas showed a basal cell phenotype with strong immunoreactivity to cytokeratins 14 and 34betaE12, but the basaloid carcinoma was negative for these markers. In all cases, the proliferating basal cells were nonreactive for myoepithelial and prostatic secretory cell markers. The 8 patients with adenoid cystic-like hyperplasia with available follow-up information had no progression of disease (mean follow-up period, 8.6 years). One patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma died with widespread metastases, but the 3 other patients with carcinomas had no disease progression (mean follow-up period, 7.0 years). In conclusion, most florid basaloid proliferations of the prostate fall into one of two categories. In the first, there is a clear association with nodular hyperplasia (adenoid cystic-like hyperplasia) and, although cytologic atypia and mitoses may be seen, they are present within a lesion that retains an orderly, vaguely nodular (noninfiltrative) pattern. The second group of cases (adenoid cystic and basaloid carcinoma) shows a widespread, haphazard infiltrative growth pattern. This study suggests that adenoid cystic carcinomas are biologically indolent following prostatectomy but have a low risk of distant metastasis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.25keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/37. Basal cell adenoma of prostate.A case of basal cell adenoma of the prostate accompanying benign prostatic hypertrophy is presented. This is an uncommon, benign lesion which is usually mistaken for a carcinoma. In order to emphasize the importance of differential diagnose and to better define this entity, we present a case report.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.25keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/37. Giant multilocular cystadenoma of the prostate: a rare differential diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia.We report a case of giant multilocular cystadenoma of the prostate in a 43-year-old man. This is a rare benign entity of the prostate imitating symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia and originates from the prostate with extensive spread into the pelvis. Histologically, prostatic glands and cysts lined by cuboid to columnar epithelial cells with basally located nuclei are characteristic. Immunohistochemical staining is positive for prostate-specific antigen in the epithelial cells. Giant multilocular prostatic cystadenoma should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis in any case of a large cystic mass originating from the prostate.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/37. Simultaneous tumour-like, atypical basal cell hyperplasia and acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate: a comparative morphological and genetic approach.Basal cell tumours of the prostatic gland are rare, and the classification is difficult. In the present case report, a large, tumour-like proliferation of atypical basaloid cells was found incidentally in a prostatectomy specimen that otherwise contained a conventional acinar adenocarcinoma. The basaloid cells displayed a solid or adenoid-cystic growth pattern and strongly expressed high-molecular-weight cytokeratins and bcl-2. A high Ki-67 index was recorded within the atypical basaloid cells, by far exceeding the one counted in the conventional adenocarcinoma. However, there were no definite criteria for a malignant behaviour of the basal cell tumour. Comparative genomic hybridisation from microdissected tumour cells yielded losses at the short arms of chromosomes 8 and 12 in the conventional adenocarcinoma and a normal karyotype in the basal cell tumour. The pathological findings favoured the diagnosis of an atypical basal cell hyperplasia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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