1/45. peritonitis due to mycobacterium fortuitum infection following gastric cancer surgery.mycobacterium fortuitum is a well-documented cause of nosocomial infection. However, no studies have reported peritonitis with M. fortuitum as a postoperative complication. We describe a case of peritonitis with M. fortuitum biovariant peregrinum following gastric cancer surgery. Gram-positive bacterial infection coexisted. Although the source of the infection was unclear, the patient was successfully treated with drainage tube exchange and combination therapy consisting of sparfloxacin, clarithromycin, and imipenem/cilastatin sodium. Thus for postoperative infectious pathogens, not only bacteria but also nontuberculous mycobacteria should be considered.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/45. Phlegmonous gastritis following coronary bypass surgery.Phlegmonous gastritis is a rare, rapidly progressive and potentially fatal gastric bacterial infection. A case of phlegmonous gastritis following a coronary bypass surgery is described. This condition was not diagnosed premortem due to the nonspecific nature of the gastrointestinal symptoms. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy may be of value in establishing the diagnosis in emergencies with culture of gastric aspirate and biopsy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/45. Intraperitoneal gossypibomas: the need to count sponges.Intraperitoneal forgotten foreign bodies are prone to create adhesions and to encapsulate, or to provoke an exudative response, with or without accompanying bacterial infection. Often a process of self-extrusion is initiated. This is also true for gossypibomas, retained surgical sponges. Presentation is possible as a pseudotumoral, occlusive, or septic syndrome; several cases, however, have remained asymptomatic for as long as several decades. ultrasonography and radiology (especially computed tomography) contribute significantly to the detection of gossypibomas; magnetic resonance imaging is a less used technique. Detection by plain radiography is difficult. ultrasonography demonstrates a hyperreflective mass with hypoechoic rim and a strong posterior shadow. Computed tomography shows a well defined mass with internal heterogeneous densities. Therapy consists of operative removal of the foreign body in association with resolving its complications. Adding a series of five cases to the existing literature reports, the fate of intraperitoneal forgotten surgical sponges is reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/45. The qualitative nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test as a means to differentiate between infection and rejection in renal transplant patients.In order to determine whether immunosupression depresses the response of the NBT test to bacterial infections and to note the effect of allograft rejection on this test, a prospective study was carried out on 30 renal transplant recipients. 12 of 30 renal transplant patients developed bacterial infections and in these patients NBT readings were elevated. 12 of the remianing 18 patients who developed rejection episodes showed normal NBT results. All patients were on high doses of steroids and other immunsuppressive agents. We conclude that the NBT test may be of value in diagnosing bacterial infection in the immunsuppressed allograft recipient, and may also be an useful adjunct in the differentiation between allograft infection and bacterial infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/45. Spontaneous thrombosis of deep cerebral veins: a complication of arteriovenous malformation.An uncommon type of stroke in children is presented. An intracranial arteriovenous malformation in a 13-year-old boy spontaneously occluded about 22 months after surgical intervention. precipitating factors, such as bacterial infections, could not be demonstrated in this patient, who had been attending school since the time of the craniotomy. The histological features of venous encephalomalacia in the galenic territory are contrasted with hemorrhagic encephalomalacia as seen after arterial occlusions: in the former, hemorrhages are more widespread and edema is more pronounced.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/45. histoplasmosis as a late infectious complication following heart transplantation in a patient with Chagas' disease.Infectious complications following heart transplantation are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Generally, bacterial infections are predominant; however, fungal infections can be responsible for up to 25% of infectious events. We report the case of a patient who presented with histoplasmosis as an infectious complication five years after heart transplantation due to a chagasic cardiopathy. This association has rarely been reported in the international literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/45. tuberculosis isolated to the renal allograft.Immunosuppressed patients after renal transplantation are at increased risk of developing infective complications, including tuberculosis. We describe four renal transplant patients who presented with tuberculosis isolated to the renal allograft. The three patients with adequate follow-up presented with a febrile illness 12-26 months after the transplant. The mycobacterial infection was found in the graft nephrectomy specimen in three patients. One patient with renal allograft dysfunction had a percutaneous biopsy that showed tuberculosis. The latter patient recovered renal allograft function after anti-tuberculous therapy. None of the patients had evidence of tuberculosis elsewhere. We conclude that tuberculosis isolated to the renal allograft, especially in an endemic area, may be the cause of renal dysfunction, and appropriate therapy could lead to salvage of the graft.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/45. Cryptococcal meningitis in renal transplant patients associated with environmental exposure.Fungal infections in renal transplant recipients are less common than bacterial infections; however, the morbidity from fungal infections is high. There is limited information in the literature concerning post-transplantation cryptococcal infection due to environmental exposure of patients living in high-risk areas. We report three patients who were diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis after kidney transplantation. Cryptococcal titers prior to transplant surgery were negative in all three patients. These patients all lived in rural areas and demonstrated evidence of environmental exposure leading to subsequent cryptococcal meningitis. All patients had exposure to pigeon and chicken excreta and, after treatment, two patients are alive and well with excellent allograft function. The third patient has marginal renal function but is currently not on dialysis. early diagnosis is essential for salvage from these potentially lethal infections. Intense headache was a prominent feature in the clinical presentation of our patients, and should signal the need for early sampling and culture of spinal fluid. Meningismus was not present in any of our patients, even when other systemic symptoms were identified. We recommend a high index of suspicion post-transplantation for all patients who may have environmental or occupational exposure to cryptococcus. If infection is detected quickly and treatment instituted promptly, patient recovery and allograft survival are possible. Long-term therapy with fluconazole, a non-nephrotoxic agent, should permit eradication of the infection with preservation of kidney function.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/45. Invasive fungal and bacterial infections of the temporal bone.OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Objectives were to highlight the importance of surgical therapy in treating invasive polymicrobial infections of the temporal bone, to discuss the importance of antifungal therapy, and to review the differential diagnosis of ear canal granulomatous disorders. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review at a tertiary care medical center. methods: A retrospective chart review of all patients diagnosed with invasive polymicrobial temporal bone infections was performed. Four patients were identified. All patients required surgical therapy for definitive management. All patients were followed for at least 1 year or until death. RESULTS: Three of four patients had invasive fungi as pathogens. One patient had an occult squamous cell carcinoma. At the time of writing, one patient was free of disease, two were dead of disease, and one was alive with disease. CONCLUSION: Invasive polymicrobial temporal bone infections can occur in immunocompromised patients and can possibly harbor an occult malignancy. Surgical debridement may be necessary to arrive at a correct diagnosis. Modified radical mastoidectomy with parenteral antibiotic therapy and other adjunctive measures may be necessary for disease resolution.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/45. ciprofloxacin-induced acute interstitial pneumonitis.The current authors present the case of a 68-yr-old female patient who developed severe respiratory failure after medication with ciprofloxacin for acute urinary tract infection. A chronic subdural haematoma was surgical evacuated. Postoperatively, an acute urinary tract infection was treated with ciprofloxacin. Six days later, c-reactive protein was rising and the patient was suffering from intermittent high fever, dyspnoea and severe hypoxaemia. The high-resolution-computed tomography (HRCT) showed an interstitial lung disease in the anterior upper lobe on the left side as well as in the lingula. Assuming a bacterial infection amoxyl/clavulanic acid was started which did not improve the clinical symptoms. bronchoalveolar lavage revealed a marked lymphocytosis (87%). Analysis for typical bacterial infections, tuberculosis, mycoplasma, chlamydia and legionella spp. were all negative. Another HRCT scan was made because of worsening of symptoms and this showed rapidly progressive infiltrates in most lobes. An open lingular biopsy showed an interstitial lymphoplasmocytotic infiltrate with some eosinophilic granulocytes and a few scattered giant cell granulomas, consistent with hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The patient's symptoms rapidly improved with systemic corticosteroid therapy and another HRCT scan revealed complete remission of pulmonary infiltrates. ciprofloxacin can induce interstitial pneumonitis with acute respiratory failure. This is an important fact considering that ciprofloxacin is a widely used antibiotic agent in treatment of urinary tract infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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