1/8. Acid-fast-positive legionella pneumophila: a possible pitfall in the cytologic diagnosis of mycobacterial infection in pulmonary specimens.The acid-fast stain is commonly used in the rapid cytologic assessment of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid to detect pulmonary mycobacterial infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. The identification of acid-fast, rod-shaped organisms may be taken as presumptive evidence of such an infection, in the appropriate clinical setting. However, this determination is made less specific by the occasional acid-fast positivity of microorganisms other than mycobacteria. We report on the occurrence of a fatal pneumonia caused by acid-fast positive legionella pneumophila detected by BAL. This is a potential pitfall in the rapid diagnosis of pulmonary mycobacterial infections.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/8. Endobronchial carcinoid tumor combined with pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection: report of two cases.We report here two cases of endobronchial carcinoid tumor complicated with pulmonary infection with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Case 1 was an 81-year-old woman with the left lower lobe atelectasis. bronchoscopy showed complete obstruction of the left basal bronchus by a tumor and a sleeve lower lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed. Pathological examination showed typical carcinoid located in the left basal bronchus and many caseous granulomas containing mycobacteria in the lung parenchyma distal to the bronchus. Bacterial examinations of sputum and gastric juice after the operation showed a growth of mycobacterium kansasii. Case 2 was a 50-year-old woman with the atelectasis of the left upper division. bronchoscopy showed complete obstruction of the left upper division bronchus by a tumor and a left upper lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed. Pathological examination showed typical carcinoid located in the left upper division bronchus and many caseous granulomas in the lung parenchyma distal to the bronchus. The Ziehl-Neelsen stain showed many mycobacteria in these granulomas and they were identified as mycobacterium avium by PCR analysis. Although NTM are not well recognized as possible pathogens of pulmonary infection related to bronchial obstruction by endobronchial carcinoma, our experiences rouse a caution to consider NTM as potential pathogens. We also discuss the possible mechanisms responsible for the specific relationship between carcinoid tumor and TNM.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/8. Clinical features of q fever pneumonia.The aim of the study was to assess the clinical features of q fever pneumonia in japan. Four cases of q fever pneumonia (a female aged 21 and males aged 53, 74 and 87 years) who were diagnosed using the PanBio ELISA test kit, were assessed and their clinical features are described. The frequency of q fever pneumonia among our cases of community-acquired pneumonia was 1.4% (4/284). A 21-year-old female had a typical case of the disease with (i) a history of owning a cat, (ii) onset with fever and dry cough, (iii) multiple soft infiltrative shadows on CXR, (iv) a normal white blood cell count, and (v) good response to clarithromycin. The pneumonias in the other three cases were considered mixed infections with bacteria such as streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae. Their clinical features included the following: (i) an elderly person with an underlying disease, (ii) onset with fever and purulent sputum, (iii) coarse crackles on auscultation, (iv) infiltrative shadows and pleural effusion on CXR, (v) increased white blood cells with elevated BUN and hyponatraemia, and (vi) modest responses to combined therapy with carbapenem and minocycline. Our observations suggest that two types of pneumonia caused by coxiella burnetti exist; one with the usual features of atypical pneumonia, and the other presenting with the clinical features of bacterial pneumonia in the elderly due to mixed bacterial infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/8. Primary pulmonary botryomycosis diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology: a case report.BACKGROUND: Primary pulmonary botryomycosis is an uncommon suppurative bacterial infection of the lung. Cytologic findings by conventional methods and thin-layer preparations in1 case are presented. CASE: A 45-year-old man had primary pulmonary botryomycosis diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Aspiration smears were characterized by densely packed microorganisms surrounded by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Microbiologic analysis of cytologic material revealed colonies of streptococcus constellatus. CONCLUSION: FNAC diagnosis of pulmonary botryomycosis offers the opportunity to distinguish this bacterial infection from lung cancer and avoid unnecessary surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/8. Acute pneumonia and empyema caused by Mycobacterium intracellulare.Nontuberculous mycobacterial infection is rarely accompanied by pleural involvement. We report a very rare case of M. intracellulare pulmonary disease with pleural empyema. A 56-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of fever, purulent sputum and pleuritic chest pain. A chest radiograph and CT revealed pneumonic consolidation in the left lower lobe and loculated hydropneumothorax. The sputum smear was positive for acid fast bacilli. The aspirated pleural fluid was grossly purulent and the smear of the pleural effusion was also positive for acid fast bacilli. M. intracellulare was identified by culture and PCR from sputum and pleural fluid specimens. The patient improved with percutaneous tube drainage of the purulent effusion and antibiotic treatment including clarithromycin, rifampicin, ethambutol and streptomycin.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/8. Mycobacterium barrassiae sp. nov., a Mycobacterium moriokaense group species associated with chronic pneumonia.Three identical isolates of new rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) were recovered from the bronchial aspirate and sputum from a 49-year-old woman presenting with lung lesions. The case met the American Thoracic Society criteria for the diagnosis of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection. The three isolates grew in 3 days at 24 to 42 degrees C. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the sequences of the isolates were identical and shared 99.7% and 98.1% similarities with those of Mycobacterium moriokaense and Mycobacterium gadium, respectively. Partial 723-bp rpoB sequence analyses indicated that the sequences of the isolates shared 95.8% and 92.3% similarities with those of M. moriokaense and M. gadium, respectively. Polyphasic identification (including biochemical tests; antimicrobial susceptibility profiling; and hsp65, recA, and sodA gene sequence analyses, as well as G C content determination and cell wall fatty acid composition analysis) supported the evidence that these isolates were representative of a new species. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the close relationships of the isolates with M. moriokaense and the defined M. moriokaense group. These isolates were susceptible to the antimicrobials currently recommended for the treatment of RGM infections. These isolates differed from M. moriokaense by their susceptibility to vancomycin. We propose the name Mycobacterium barrassiae sp. nov. for this new species. The type strain is N7T (CIP 108545T and CCUG 50398T).- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/8. rhabdomyolysis associated with bacteremic pneumonia due to staphylococcus aureus.A case of rhabdomyolysis associated with bacteremic pneumonia due to staphylococcus aureus is reported. A 58-year-old man was admitted because of severe left lobar pneumonia, and presented myoglobinuria on admission. The serum creatine phosphokinase level was transiently elevated and myoglobinuria were disclosed. sputum and venous blood cultures grew staphylococcus aureus. rhabdomyolysis has rarely been reported in cases of bacterial infection, especially those due to staphylococcus aureus. This case might be an extremely rare case of rhabdomyolysis complicating staphylococcus aureus bacteremia following severe left upper lobar pneumonia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/8. Suppurative acinetobacter baumanii thyroiditis with bacteremic pneumonia: case report and review.Suppurative thyroiditis is rare, and the major pathogens are Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species. We present a case caused by acinetobacter baumanii, which has never before been reported. We review another 191 cases from the English-language literature (1980 to April 1997) and make a comparison with a review of 224 cases (1900-1980). As the numbers of immunocompromised patients increase, cases of suppurative thyroiditis are increasing. pneumocystis carinii has become an important pathogen. Most patients (83.1%) with bacterial infections were euthyroid, whereas those with fungal or mycobacterial infections tended to be hypothyroid (62.5%) and hyperthyroid (50%), respectively.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |