1/843. Tumor-related osteomalacia followed after treatment by hyperparathyroidism.Tumor-induced osteomalacia is due to renal phosphate wasting in response to a humoral factor produced by a tumor, usually a benign mesenchymal tumor. Removal of the tumor is followed by resolution of the metabolic disorder. physicians should be aware that sporadic renal phosphate wasting in an adult should prompt a search for a tumor. A case of tumor-induced osteomalacia due to a nonossifying fibroma of the radius is reported. After removal of the tumor, renal phosphate excretion returned to normal, but the patient developed tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Eight years elapsed between symptom onset and the diagnosis of the tumor. The pathogenesis of tumor-induced osteomalacia and the role of treatment for renal phosphate wasting on the subsequent development of hyperthyroidism are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = thyroid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/843. The elevated serum alkaline phosphatase--the chase that led to two endocrinopathies and one possible unifying diagnosis.A 39-year-old Chinese man with hypertension being evaluated for elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP) levels was found to have an incidental right adrenal mass. The radiological features were characteristic of a large adrenal myelolipoma. This mass was resected and the diagnosis confirmed pathologically. His blood pressure normalised after removal of the myelolipoma, suggesting that the frequently observed association between myelolipomas and hypertension may not be entirely coincidental. Persistent elevation of the SAP levels and the discovery of hypercalcaemia after surgery led to further investigations which confirmed primary hyperparathyroidism due to a parathyroid adenoma. The patient's serum biochemistry normalised after removal of the adenoma. The association of adrenal myelolipoma with primary hyperparathyroidism has been reported in the literature only once previously. Although unconfirmed by genetic studies this association may possibly represent an unusual variation of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = thyroid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/843. Lessons to be learned: a case study approach. Primary hyperparathyroidism simulating an acute severe polyneuritis.The case is presented of a 65 year old lady with recent onset of neuromuscular manifestations, comprising paraparesis, areflexia and unsteady gait, along with episodes of slurring of speech and diplopia, later confirmed to be due to severe hypercalcaemia--which itself was caused by primary hyperparathyroidism. Restoration of normocalcaemia, by means of rehydration and bisphosphonate therapy, resulted in clinical improvement--whilst subsequent parathyroidectomy was followed by complete resolution of all symptoms. In order to make prompt differentiation between the neurological sequelae of hyperparathyroidism and a primary neurological disorder, a high index of suspicion is required. An urgent serum calcium assay, as part of a bone profile, is mandatory in patients who present with neurological symptoms--especially the elderly, amongst whom hyperparathyroidism is especially common.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3333333333333keywords = thyroid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/843. Sudden recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis due to apoplexy of parathyroid adenoma.Neoplastic lesions of the parathyroid are rare, and most of these are adenomas. Even rarer is a secondary involvement of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. A case is presented of sudden onset hoarseness in a 64-year-old man caused by acute vocal cord paralysis due to bleeding within an adenoma of the lower right parathyroid gland. Acute onset of vocal cord paralysis is rarely associated with benign processes; the current case is only the second report associated with parathyroid adenoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.1666666666667keywords = thyroid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/843. Median sternotomy for parathyroid adenoma.Most mediastinal parathyroid tumours lie within the thymus gland and may be retrieved when cervical thymectomy is carried out in the course of neck exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). We report 4 patients, each of whom required sternotomy for removal of a true mediastinal parathyroid adenoma. Subtraction isotope scintigraphy suggested the presence of a mediastinal tumour prior to cervical exploration in 2 individuals and prior to re-exploration in a third. When localisation before initial exploration for HPT suggests a parathyroid tumour within the chest, consideration should be given to proceeding to sternotomy, at first operation if a comprehensive neck exploration, including cervical thymectomy, fails to uncover the adenoma. Uniquely, one of our patients underwent sternotomy for HPT when 23 weeks pregnant.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3333333333333keywords = thyroid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/843. A large intrathoracic parathyroid adenoma.A case is described in which an unusually large parathyroid adenoma was visible on the plain chest radiograph taken during the investigation of hypercalcaemia. This was diagnosed preoperatively and a scheme is suggested whereby such a disgnosis can now readily be made. The differential diagnosis is discussed ant the literature is reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = thyroid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/843. meningioma associated with parathyroid adenoma.A woman hospitalized because of attempted suicide with diazepam tablets was found to have hypercalcemia and other signs of hyperparathyroidism. Electroencephalogram indicated a brain lesion which was confirmed by a brain scan and angiogram. The hypercalcemia persisted after removal of the meningioma and serum levels of calcium returned to normal only after a parathyroid adenoma was removed during an additional intervention. This association of meningioma with hyperparathyroidism is unique in the literature. The difficulties of diagnosis resulting from the neuropsychiatric symptoms common to the two disorders are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.1666666666667keywords = thyroid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/843. Parathyroid carcinoma secondary to prolonged hyperplasia in chronic renal failure and in coeliac disease.The presentation of parathyroid carcinoma in patients with chronic renal failure is rare, although with improvements in life expectancy associated with this condition there have now been 12 reported cases, including the first case we report here. It has been proposed that in these cases there has been a malignant transformation of benign parathyroid hyperplastic tissue. We also report the first case of parathyroid carcinoma associated with coeliac disease and suggest that the same mechanism may be responsible. We review the presentation, diagnosis, treatment and natural history of the disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.1666666666667keywords = thyroid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/843. Bilateral hemothorax revealing mediastinal parathyroid adenoma.We report the case of a 63-year-old woman admitted to hospital because of bilateral hemothorax associated with acute respiratory failure and laterotracheal neoformation. A right thoracoscopy biopsy revealed a paratracheal parathyroid adenoma which was responsible for bilateral hemothorax and primary hyperparathyroidism. A curative resection was successfully performed by cervicotomy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = thyroid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/843. Nonrecurrent laryngeal nerves: anatomic considerations during thyroid and parathyroid surgery.PURPOSE: In head and neck surgery, damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) during thyroid surgery is the most common iatrogenic cause of vocal cord paralysis. Identification of the RLNs and meticulous surgical technique can significantly decrease the incidence of this complication. Nonrecurrent RLNs (NRRLNs) are exceedingly rare. Surgeons need to be aware of their position to avoid damage to them. MATERIALS AND methods: A retrospective review of 513 RLN exposures over a 7-year period was performed. RESULTS: Two NRRLNs were encountered, for an incidence of 0.39%. CONCLUSION: NRRLNs are rare. awareness of their existence will prevent the surgeon from accidentally severing one if it is encountered during routine thyroid or parathyroid surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.8333333333333keywords = thyroid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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