Cases reported "Osteomalacia"

Filter by keywords:



Filtering documents. Please wait...

1/116. Lambda light chain induced nephropathy: a rare cause of the fanconi syndrome and severe osteomalacia.

    The fanconi syndrome is a generalized disorder of proximal renal tubular transport characterized by wasting of phosphate, amino acids, glucose, bicarbonate, and uric acid. The association of the acquired fanconi syndrome with lambda light-chain proteinuria is rare. We report the third case in the English language literature. A 65-year-old man presented with severe pelvic pain. Investigations showed an elevated serum creatinine level, and a 24-hour urine collection contained 2.56 g protein. The fanconi syndrome was diagnosed, with findings of phosphaturia, glycosuria, and aminoaciduria. bence jones protein (lambda sub-type) was present in the urine at a concentration of 0.58 g/L. Monocytic cells in the bone marrow and proximal tubular cells in the kidney contained cytoplasmic crystalline inclusions. Undecalcified bone sections confirmed the clinical diagnosis of osteomalacia. The patient was treated with phosphate, calcium, and ergocalciferol and experienced significant symptomatic improvement. The fanconi syndrome caused by light-chain deposition in proximal tubular cells is well described in the literature. However, it is rare for the light chains to be of the lambda subtype. This may reflect differences in the physicochemical properties of kappa and lambda light chains.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 1
keywords = pain
(Clic here for more details about this article)

2/116. Musculoskeletal manifestations of osteomalacia: report of 26 cases and literature review.

    OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to describe the musculoskeletal manifestations in a selected population of 26 patients with biopsy-proven osteomalacia (OM) and provide a literature update. methods: The 26 patients with biopsy-proven OM were selected from a total number of 79 patients who underwent anterior iliac crest biopsy. The diagnosis of OM was confirmed by the presence of an osteoid volume greater than 10%, osteoid width greater than 15 microm, and delayed mineralization assessed by double-tetracycline labeling. RESULTS: OM was caused by intestinal malabsorption in 13 patients, whereas six other patients presented with hypophosphatemia of different causes. Five elderly patients presented with hypovitaminosis D, and in two patients the OM was part of renal osteodystrophy. Twenty-three patients presented with bone pain and diffuse demineralization, whereas three other patients had normal or increased bone density. Characteristic pseudofractures were seen in only seven patients. Six of the 23 patients with diffuse demineralization had an "osteoporotic-like pattern" without pseudofractures. Prominent articular manifestations were seen in seven patients, including a rheumatoid arthritis-like picture in three, osteogenic synovitis in three, and ankylosing spondylitis-like in one. Two other patients were referred to us with the diagnosis of possible metastatic bone disease attributable to polyostotic areas of increased radio nuclide uptake caused by pseudofractures. Six patients also had proximal myopathy, two elderly patients were diagnosed as having polymalgia rheumatica, and two young patients were diagnosed as having fibromyalgia. One of the patients who presented with increased bone density was misdiagnosed as possible fluorosis. CONCLUSION: OM is usually neglected when compared with other metabolic bone diseases and may present with a variety of clinical and radiographic manifestations mimicking other musculoskeletal disorders.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 1
keywords = pain
(Clic here for more details about this article)

3/116. Tumor-induced osteomalacia and symptomatic looser zones secondary to mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.

    Tumor-induced osteomalacia is a rare clinical entity that is associated with soft-tissue or skeletal tumors. We present a case report of a patient with a chest wall mesenchymal chondrosarcoma who presented with bone pain. The patient had skeletal changes in the femoral neck and fibula consistent with osteomalacia and laboratory values suggesting phosphate diabetes. The patient was treated with tumor resection and phosphate supplementation with reversal of the signs and symptoms of osteomalacia. Tumor-induced osteomalacia is vitamin-D-resistant and often reversed by complete removal of the tumor. Most commonly, the causative tumors are of vascular, mesenchymal, or fibrous origin. The osteomalacia is associated with bone pain, muscle weakness, and radiographic changes. Tumor-induced humoral factors have been implicated in causing the osteomalacia, but the definite etiology has yet to be determined. Current treatment includes complete tumor resection and electrolyte supplementation.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 2.0056883564309
keywords = pain, chest
(Clic here for more details about this article)

4/116. Post-gastrectomy bone disease undiagnosed for forty years.

    Polya partial gastrectomy was performed for peptic ulcer in a previously healthy woman aged 28 years. She complained afterwards of a variety of non-specific symptoms including weakness, tiredness, debility, slowness of walking, poor appetite and constipation. Within ten years her back became bent. She was treated for intercurrent hypertension and epilepsy. Bone fractures on low-impact trauma occurred in her fifties. At 57 years, she was unable to care for herself and had to be admitted to a nursing home. She could still walk slowly with the aid of a stick. For three months at the age of 65 years, she was unable to rise from her chair. Investigations disclosed severe post-gastrectomy bone disease. At no time had she complained of bone pains.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 1.1022670247757
keywords = pain, back
(Clic here for more details about this article)

5/116. Diagnostic utility of magnetic resonance imaging skeletal survey in a patient with oncogenic osteomalacia.

    Oncogenic osteomalacia is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by hypophosphatemic osteomalacia due to renal phosphate wasting. The same biochemical features are found in patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets/osteomalacia and sporadic hypophosphatemic osteomalacia with unknown etiology. Oncogenic osteomalacia is cured by resection of the responsible tumor. In contrast, patients with other types of hypophosphatemic rickets/osteomalacia need long-term treatment with large doses of active vitamin D3. Therefore, detection of the responsible tumor for oncogenic osteomalacia has great clinical importance. However, there is no standard method for detecting the tumor for oncogenic osteomalacia, and the responsible tumor is often very difficult to be found. We describe a patient with adult-onset osteomalacia due to renal phosphate wasting. Although oncogenic osteomalacia was suspected, cranial, chest, and abdominal computed tomography scanning, urological and otolaryngological examinations, and detailed palpation for soft tissue mass failed to detect the responsible tumor. However, magnetic resonance imaging skeletal survey revealed a tumor in the right femoral bone. Resection of the tumor resulted in normalization of serum phosphate and renal phosphate handling. Because the most frequent causes for oncogenic osteomalacia are tumors in bone or soft tissue, magnetic resonance imaging skeletal survey is a very powerful method for detecting the responsible tumor. Vigorous search for tumors with this method in patients with hypophosphatemic osteomalacia would be helpful not only for proper management of patients, but also for clarifying the identity of sporadic hypophosphatemic osteomalacia.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 0.0056883564309001
keywords = chest
(Clic here for more details about this article)

6/116. osteomalacia in a patient with severe anorexia nervosa.

    A 27-year-old woman with anorexia nervosa since adolescence was referred to our unit for generalized bone pain most severe at the pelvis and an inability to stand. She reported a pelvic fracture diagnosed one year earlier, which had failed to heal. Laboratory tests showed low serum phosphate, normal total serum calcium corrected for serum albumin, and very low urinary calcium excretion. Serum bone alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone levels were elevated, whereas 25-hydroxy-vitamin d was severely decreased. Multiple vertebral and rib fractures were seen on plain radiographs. Radiographic images consistent with osteomalacia were pseudofractures of the left inferior pubic ramus, a bilateral complete fracture of the superior pubic ramus, and a characteristic pseudofracture (Looser zone) in the lateral margin of the right scapula. Vitamin D-deficient osteomalacia with secondary hyperparathyroidism was strongly suspected at this point, but it was decided not to confirm this diagnosis by bone biopsy with histomorphometry and osteoid labeling because of the emotional instability of the patient. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry disclosed severe demineralization. After two months on calcium and vitamin d supplements, the bone pain had abated and the patient was able to stand. Serum calcium had increased; serum phosphate, 25-hydroxy-vitamin d, and parathyroid hormone had returned to normal, and the pseudofractures showed evidence of healing. osteoporosis is a well-known complication of anorexia nervosa. This case shows that osteomalacia can also occur. vitamin d status should be assessed in patients with long-standing severe anorexia nervosa.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 2
keywords = pain
(Clic here for more details about this article)

7/116. Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor-induced rickets.

    We describe two prepubertal girls with oncogenic rickets. The first patient, 9 years of age, presented with recent-onset lower-extremity pain. The second girl, presented at 4 years of age following a 9-month period of muscle weakness, bone pain, and poor linear growth. Laboratory analyses in both patients revealed hypophosphatemia and hyperphosphaturia; elevated circulating alkaline phosphatase activity was present in one of them. Radiographic evidence of a generalized rachitic process was evident in both cases. Computerized tomography of the paranasal sinuses and facial bones in patient 1 revealed a small lesion eroding through the inner table of the left mandibular ramus. Microscopic examination of this mass revealed a spindle cell neoplasm with chondroid material, dystrophic calcification, and both osteoclast-like and fibroblast-like cells. Prominent vascularity and marked atypia were present. These features are consistent with a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor of the mixed connective tissue variant. In the second patient, computerized tomography revealed a lytic lesion located in the right proximal tibia, with histologic features consistent with a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor of the nonossifying fibroma-like variant. Resection of each tumor resulted in rapid correction of the phosphaturia and healing of the rachitic abnormalities. A careful search for small or occult tumors should be carried out in cases of acquired phosphaturic rickets.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 2
keywords = pain
(Clic here for more details about this article)

8/116. Non-familial vitamin d-resistant hypophosphataemic osteomalacia of adult onset: case report.

    An unusual form of osteomalacic bone disease in a middle-aged woman with a three-year history of widespread bone pain, pathological fractures and loss of height is discribed. Investigations revealed a persistent hypophosphataemia and an increased phosphate excretion index. Urinary glycine excretion was increased. An oral phosphate supplement led to rapid improvement. The features support the diagnosis of non-familial adult onset vitamin d-resistant hypophosphataemic osteomalacia.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 1
keywords = pain
(Clic here for more details about this article)

9/116. The treatment of Paget's bone disease with sodium ethidronate.

    Of 58 patients with Paget's disease treated with disodium ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP) in doses of 20 and 10 mg/kg/day, a group of 20 patients with the oligostotic form of the disease showed a significantly greater incidence of complications, such as worsening of bone pains, when compared with a group of 38 patients with the polyostotic disease (P less than 0.05). The group of 32 patients that received 20 mg/kg/day showed a greater although not significant incidence of clinical complications than the group of 26 patients treated with 10 mg/kg/day. Bone biopsies performed in one polyostotic and three oligostotic cases who suffered episodes of bone pain worsening during treatment with 20 mg/kg/day disclosed a severe osteomalacia. Both groups treated with 20 and 10 mg/kg showed a highly significant decrease of urinary hydroxyproline (THP) excretion and of serum alkaline phosphatase (P less than 0.01) after two and six months of treatment although the trend comparison between doses was not significant. It is suggested that the dose of EHDP should be related to the extent of the disease.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 2
keywords = pain
(Clic here for more details about this article)

10/116. Use of long-term intravenous phosphate infusion in the palliative treatment of tumor-induced osteomalacia.

    Tumor-induced osteomalacia is characterized by paraneoplastic defects in vitamin D metabolism, proximal renal tubular functions, and phosphate transport. The resulting hypophosphatemia can cause generalized pain and muscle weakness, which significantly affect the quality of life of the patients. Palliative treatment with calcium, vitamin d, and phosphate replacement is indicated for patients in whom the causative tumor cannot be completely resected. In this report we describe a case of tumor-induced osteomalacia in whom adequate oral doses of phosphate could not be used because of gastrointestinal side-effects. Long term (3-6 months) iv phosphate infusion delivered by ambulatory infusion pumps in combination with oral calcium and vitamin d was used successfully to decrease pain and increase muscle strength. Careful monitoring of serum calcium, phosphate, and creatinine levels and reliable microinfusion technology have allowed the long term use of iv phosphate infusion without serious morbidity. This patient received repeated (three times) phosphate infusions over 8 yr, resulting in laboratory and symptomatic improvement after each course. However, this patient did suffer two episodes of central venous catheter-related infection. Because of potentially serious complications, such as severe hypocalcemia, calcified right ventricular thrombi, and nephrocalcinosis, long term iv phosphate infusion should be reserved for patients who cannot tolerate adequate doses of oral phosphate and for whom the benefits outweigh the risks.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 2
keywords = pain
(Clic here for more details about this article)
| Next ->


Leave a message about 'Osteomalacia'


We do not evaluate or guarantee the accuracy of any content in this site. Click here for the full disclaimer.