1/11. west nile virus-associated optic neuritis and chorioretinitis.PURPOSE: To report the new ocular and neurologic features of west nile virus (WNV) meningoencephalitis. DESIGN: Observational case report. methods: A 55-year-old woman presented with headache, stiff neck, visual loss, and fever 10 days after a weekend camping trip. Examination revealed vitritis, creamy yellow circular chorioretinal lesions, and peripheral visual field loss. RESULTS: Laboratory investigation indicated the patient was suffering from WNV meningoencephalitis with neuro-ocular involvement. CONCLUSION: Ophthalmologists and infectious disease specialists should recognize that the WNV infection spectrum may include ophthalmic findings, specifically optic neuritis and multifocal chorioretinitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = suffering (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/11. ethambutol-induced optic neuritis in patients with end stage renal disease on hemodialysis: two case reports and literature review.ethambutol, a synthetic bacteriostatic agent, is a first line agent against mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although optic neuritis is the most serious adverse effect of ethambutol, most cases in the literature are reversible. Renal failure prolongs the half-life of ethambutol and increases the risk of ethambutol-induced optic neuritis. We present two patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD), who were on maintenance dialysis and suffering ethambutol-induced optic neuritis. The first woman had been suffering ESRD on hemodialysis for 2 years. After tuberculosis was diagnosed, she was prescribed three-combined anti-tuberculosis medications, including ethambutol 800 mg/day. Bilateral blurred vision suddenly occurred 4 months after the start of treatment, and she became totally blind despite discontinuing ethambutol. The second woman had been on hemodialysis for 5 months. Tuberculosis was diagnosed by lung biopsy. After 3 weeks of three-combined anti-tuberculosis medications including ethambutol (1,200 mg/day), reduced visual acuity and color vision defects occurred. One year after the discontinuation of ethambutol, visual acuity remained little improved. physicians should be aware of ethambutol-induced optic neuritis and ethambutol should be used cautiously in patients with renal failure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = suffering (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/11. diagnosis and management of multiple sclerosis: case studies.Although substantial capabilities have emerged in the ability to globally manage patients who have MS, clinicians continue to be confronted with formidable challenges. Reduction in disease activity and its impact on dis-ability progression remains the central objective of disease-modifying therapy and most current MS research initiatives. Nevertheless, the principal factors that determine the day-to-day limitations on functional capabilities(activities of daily living, work performance, quality of life, and so forth)are a derivative of the pathophysiology of the disease process itself. The substrate for these limitations is inherent in the pathology of demyelination and axonal dysfunction. Identifying measures that can optimize the performance and fidelity of axonal conduction mechanisms may translate into a reduction in MS-related symptoms. Chronic neurologic disease management (with MS representing a signature example) can be optimized when all members of the care team (including patients and their families) collaborate in the co-ordination of interdisciplinary care models that address all aspects of suffering.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = suffering (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/11. Acute bilateral optic neuritis.This paper presents the case study of six patients suffering from acute bilateral optic neuritis simultaneously manifested in both eyes. The clinical picture and the full laboratory investigation failed to establish a real cause of the disease. Finally the lack of general neurological symptoms and the good prognosis of the disease after a two year follow-up is stressed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = suffering (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/11. The 'flicker test' according to Aulhorn in the diagnosis of acute optic neuritis.The flicker test, introduced by Aulhorn is a new simple method to detect acute optic neuritis. We examined 24 patients suffering from acute optic neuritis. 23 patients showed a pathological result. In 179 subjects (patients with other ophthalmological diseases and healthy persons) the flicker test always showed normal results. After restitution of acute optic neuritis the results of the flicker test return to normal while the visual evoked responses remain pathological in many cases. Thus the flicker test can be an efficient tool in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of acute optic neuritis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = suffering (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/11. Recurrent bilateral optic neuropathy in mixed connective tissue disease.Multiple attacks of optic neuropathy occurred in a young woman suffering from mixed connective tissue disease despite maintenance therapy with corticosteroids and cytotoxic agents.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = suffering (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/11. optic neuritis and Jaccoud's syndrome in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.Unilateral optic neuritis and Jaccoud's syndrome in a 34-year-old woman suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus is presented. We discuss the probable pathophysiological mechanisms of these two uncommon conditions. The most acceptable incriminating factor for optic neuritis is vasculitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = suffering (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/11. optic neuritis with silent cerebral lesions: availability of FLAIR sequences.A 10-year-old male suffering from acute optic neuritis is reported with multiple silent cerebral lesions, which remained visible only with fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences at 3-week intervals. Conventional sequences with magnetic resonance imaging did not visualize the lesions. Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences are highly sensitive for the detection of silent lesions in acute optic neuritis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = suffering (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/11. A case of neuroretinitis associated with long-standing polyarteritis nodosa.We reported a 45-year-old man suffering from neuroretinitis with long-standing polyarteritis nodosa and anterior uveitis. fluorescein angiography, made at the stage when optic disk swelling developed, demonstrated a hypofluorescent area at the temporal part of the optic disc presenting exudates in its prelaminar region. When the swelling of the optic disc had resolved as verified ophthalmoscopically, and the hypofluorescence was angiographically undetectable, a macular star was observed, showing a configuration corresponding to Henle's layer.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = suffering (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/11. Severe irreversible optic neuritis following Mantoux tuberculin skin test in a child with multiple sclerosis--a case report.A 12-year-old girl was diagnosed as suffering from multiple sclerosis. At age 14, just after recovery from an exacerbation of MS with left-sided optic neuritis, she underwent a Mantoux tuberculin skin test. Within 30 minutes she developed complete irreversible optic neuropathy of the left eye. This case illustrates the urge for caution to perform vaccinations and tuberculin skin tests not only during progressive disease activity of MS, but also in the reconvalescent phase after an acute exacerbation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = suffering (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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