Cases reported • Nose Neoplasms; Cancer of Nose; Nose Cancer

1/1151. Nasal and nasal-type natural killer/T-cell lymphoma.

Nasal and nasal-type natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphomas follow an aggressive course and have a poor prognosis. Recent pathologic studies suggest that the disease is a malignant proliferation of NK cells, which often express CD56. An association with the Epstein-Barr virus has also been reported. skin involvement occurred in each of the 3 patients studied. radiation therapy provided some benefit to the patients in the early stages. Conventional chemotherapies were not effective. To overcome this multiple-drug resistance of the tumor cells, cyclosporine and high-dose chemotherapy was combined with peripheral-blood stem-cell transplantation. The average life span from the onset of the disease for our patients was 9.6 months. Further improvement in the management of nasal and nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphomas is necessary. (+info)

2/1151. Nasal reconstruction in children: a review of 29 patients.

Acquired large nasal defects are much more common in adulthood than in childhood because of the frequency of skin tumors after a certain age. However, from their experience in treating a number of children with sequelae of noma and burns, the authors have collected a series of 17 total and 12 partial nasal reconstructions in children aged 1 to 15 years. After reviewing the various methods used for recreating the lining, the support, and the skin cover in the whole series, three cases are reported in detail. A 1-year-old patient received a tempororetroauricular flap after total amputation of the nose and was observed for 17 years. Another patient, who was burned as a baby, underwent reconstruction at age 10 with a deltopectoral flap and was observed for 7 years. The third patient underwent total nose reconstruction at age 12 with an Indian forehead flap. From their experience, the authors conclude that, for psychosocial reasons, nasal reconstruction should be started early, despite possible reoperation at a later age. The best results are certainly obtained at the end of growth or at least after the age of 12. Adjacent bone or soft tissue defects further enhance the difficult challenge of restoring a satisfactory aesthetic appearance in these children. (+info)

3/1151. Olfactory esthesioneuroblastoma.

Esthesioneuroblastomas are malignant tumours, usually of slow, invasive growth and low metastatic rate. Skeletal destruction must be assumed to be common, but is often demonstrable only by tomographic sections. Clinically these tumours do not differ from others of the same site, so that the diagnosis has to be based upon the histological appearances. In the light microscope the presence of neurofibrils is considered a specific differential diagnostic factor against other small-cell malignant tumours in this region. There seems to be no basis for a morphological classification into previously described sub-groups, neither according to histogenetic, light, nor ultra-microscopic findings. The general degree of differentiation and the number of mitoses appear to be the main factors of prognostic significance. Combined irradiation and surgical excision is considered the best treatment. (+info)

4/1151. Treatment of complicated cutaneous malignant neoplasms by modern radiotherapy: principles, practice, and results.

The indispensability of modern radiotherapy for certain complicated cases of cutaneous malignant neoplasms is demonstrated by a review of its principles and demonstration of results achieved by its practice in five representative cases. (+info)

5/1151. Mixed-type liposarcoma of the oral cavity: a case with unusual features and a long survival.

A case of mixed-type liposarcoma, which showed unusual dedifferentiation in the recurrence, is reported. The rapidly growing mass in the palate of a 60-year-old Japanese woman first revealed a combination of myxoid liposarcoma with features resembling storiform malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The recurrent neoplasm, showing an abrupt transition between myxoid and non-lipogenic parts, partially reverted to sclerosing well-differentiated liposarcoma. The patient died 10.1 years after the first operation. (+info)

6/1151. craniopharyngioma invading the nasal and paranasal spaces, and presenting as nasal obstruction.

A case of craniopharyngioma invading the nasal and paranasal sinuses and presenting as nasal obstruction is reported. Imaging showed a destructive mass of the skull base with involvement of the nose and paranasal sinuses. In the excised mass mitoses were frequent and the proliferation index was high. Invasion of the nasopharynx and presentation as a nasopharyngeal mass is uncommon for a craniopharyngioma. (+info)

7/1151. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the skin with apparent origin in the epidermis--a pattern or an entity? A case report.

BACKGROUND: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is prototypically represented by "undifferentiated" nasopharyngeal carcinoma, but it has also been described in many other anatomic locations, including the skin. In the last of these sites, primary LELC has been assumed in the past to show dermal adnexal differentiation. methods: The authors present a case wherein LELC of the skin (LELCS) instead appeared to be a morphologic manifestation of squamous carcinoma of the skin surface, as supported by the results of immunohistology and in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Like other examples of LELCS, it showed no evidence of integration of the Epstein-Barr viral genome, and its behavior was indolent. CONCLUSIONS: The heterogeneous nature of LELC as seen in different body sites is reviewed in this report, resulting in the conclusion that this tumor probably represents a morphologic pattern rather than a distinct clinicopathologic entity. (+info)

8/1151. Metastatic testicular teratoma of the nasal cavity: a rare cause of severe intractable epistaxis.

Malignant neoplasms of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are uncommon. choriocarcinoma is a highly malignant germ cell tumour occurring in the reproductive organs. Metastasis may be principally by the lymphatic route as in other germ cell tumours but choriocarcinoma is also known to spread haematogenously. We present a rare case of metastatic choriocarcinoma to the nasal cavity from testicular teratoma presenting with intractable epistaxis in a 32-year-old Caucasian male, who ultimately succumbed to this disease. (+info)

9/1151. Nasal and nasal-type T/NK-cell lymphoma with cutaneous involvement.

Natural killer (NK) cells are a third lymphocyte lineage, in addition to B- and T-cells, that mediate cytotoxicity without prior sensitization. NK cells also have phenotypic and genotypic characteristics; they express the NK-related antigen CD56 and T-cell markers such as CD2 and CD3 epsilon, but their T-cell receptor (TCR) locus is not rearranged. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are divided into B- and T-cell neoplasms and NK-cell lymphomas. We describe 2 Japanese patients with nasal and nasal-type T/NK-cell lymphoma in which the skin, nasal/nasopharyngeal region, bone marrow, and lymph node were the sites of involvement. The clinical and histopathologic findings were recorded. In addition, immunophenotyping, TCR gene rearrangement, and the existence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) dna by polymerase chain reaction amplification were determined. Clinically, the cutaneous eruptions were purplish, hard, multiple nodules. Histologically, angiocentric proliferation of small-to medium-sized, pleomorphic, lymphoid cells were observed. They revealed hand-mirror-shaped lymphocytes with azurophilic granules with the use of Giemsa staining by touch smear. These lymphocytes were found to be positive to immunophenotyping for CD2 (Leu5b), CD3 epsilon (DAKO), CD4 (Leu3a), and CD56 (Leu 19). No clonal rearrangement of TCR-beta, -gamma, and -delta genes and immunoglobulin gene markers were found, and no positive results of identification of EBV dna were shown. The patients underwent cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy with complete remission; however, both had recurrence of disease. Because NK-cell lymphomas express some T-cell markers, they may be mistakenly diagnosed as peripheral T-cell lymphomas if they are not investigated for the NK-cell-specific marker, CD56. Therefore the importance of immunophenotypic investigations of CD56 should be stressed. Also, the importance of clinical investigation of nasal/nasopharyngeal lymphomas should be stressed when NK-cell lymphoma is diagnosed involving the skin, because NK-cell lymphomas are often associated with the nasal and nasopharyngeal region. (+info)

10/1151. An unusual case of squamous cell carcinoma of the nose.

A 49-year-old man presented with a tumoral lesion of the tip of the nose which had been manifest for 2 months. Within a few weeks, the tumour increased in size and became infiltrated. The biopsy showed a squamous cell carcinoma. Treatment consisted of a radical surgical excision. (+info)