Cases reported "Mediastinal Cyst"

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1/67. Mediastinal parathyroid cysts revisited.

    BACKGROUND: A case of a functioning mediastinal cyst is presented. methods: A comprehensive review of the literature found 93 patients in whom a parathyroid cyst or cysts extended into, or was completely contained within, the mediastinum. Including our patient, there were 46 men and 45 women, and the gender was not recorded in three. RESULTS: The cysts were located in the anterosuperior region in 56 patients, in the middle region of the mediastinum in 26, and in the anterior, prevascular region in 12. Thirty-nine patients had functioning cysts associated with hyperparathyroidism of varying severity; seven patients presented with a hypercalcemic crisis. Local symptomatology consisted of a neck mass, respiratory distress, and occasional dysphagia or chest pain. recurrent laryngeal nerve paresis was present in nine patients, and innominate vein compression or thrombosis was present in two. The cysts in all but four patients were treated by open surgical excision; two were treated by thoracoscopy, and two patients only had fine-needle aspiration of the cyst. The cyst was excised via a cervical approach in 67 patients and by a thoracotomy or median sternotomy or a variation thereof in 23. There was no operative mortality and morbidity was minimal. CONCLUSION: Surgical resection was successful in all and remains the treatment of choice for mediastinal parathyroid cysts.
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ranking = 1
keywords = chest pain, chest
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2/67. Multilocular thymic cyst with follicular lymphoid hyperplasia in a male infected with HIV. A case report with fine needle aspiration cytology.

    BACKGROUND: Multilocular thymic cyst with follicular lymphoid hyperplasia is a rare complication in HIV-infected patients, causing pseudotumorous enlargement of the anterior mediastinum. There have been six reported cases, all with only histologic findings. This paper reports another such case and includes perhaps the first cytologic findings on this rare entity. CASE: A 35-year-old, HIV-infected male intravenous drug abuser, who complained of worsening central chest discomfort and pain on deep inspiration, was found to have a large, septated anterior mediastinal mass. Computed tomography-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed. The cytologic presentation mimicked that of thymoma, with cystic degeneration and a dual population of epithelial cells and lymphocytes as well as large aggregates of "epithelial" cells intermixed with lymphocytes in a background of macrophages and cyst fluid. Histologic examination of the resected mass revealed a multilocular thymic cyst with follicular lymphoid hyperplasia. hiv-1 core protein p24 was localized immunohistochemically in the dendritic follicular cells of the germinal centers. In retrospect, the quantity of epithelium derived from the cyst lining was too scanty for thymoma, and the presence of plasma cells and lymphohistiocytic aggregates suggested follicular lymphoid hyperplasia. CONCLUSION: Multilocular thymic cyst with follicular lymphoid hyperplasia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an anterior mediastinal mass in HIV-infected patients after lymphoma and tuberculosis.
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ranking = 0.2258820988321
keywords = chest
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3/67. Basaloid carcinoma of the thymus.

    A 58-year-old man was found to have a basaloid carcinoma of the thymus, initially detected as an abnormal shadow on chest radiograph. The patient underwent resection followed by radiotherapy, and has survived 25 months without recurrence. Although this rare tumor may be related to multilocular thymic cyst, its pathogenesis is obscure. We discuss clinicopathologic features of our case and others.
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ranking = 0.2258820988321
keywords = chest
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4/67. First-trimester prenatal diagnosis of a thoracic cystic lesion associated with fetal skin edema.

    An unusual case of chest cyst diagnosed at the end of the first trimester in a dizygotic twin pregnancy and managed conservatively is reported. Between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation, ultrasound revealed a relatively large echopoor lung cyst occupying the left side of the chest, displacing the mediastinum and the heart. This was associated with increased nuchal translucency thickness and generalized skin edema. Subsequent sonograms showed complete resolution of the cyst together with the skin edema. The fetuses were delivered at term and had an uncomplicated postnatal outcome. This case emphasizes the role of reduced venous return as a cause of early fetal hydrops. Diagnosis and follow-up of a congenital lung cyst from the end of the first trimester should enable early intervention to be made.
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ranking = 0.45176419766419
keywords = chest
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5/67. Intermittent brachiocephalic vein obstruction secondary to a thymic cyst.

    Mediastinal thymic cysts are usually asymptomatic and found incidentally on a routine chest roentgenogram. Rarely, they may cause symptoms of vascular obstruction. A 55-year-old woman presented with intermittent swelling in her left neck. The swelling was positional and was worse while supine and disappeared while upright. Evaluation revealed a thymic cyst causing extrinsic compression of the left brachiocephalic vein. The cyst was resected with complete resolution of the left neck swelling.
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ranking = 0.2258820988321
keywords = chest
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6/67. Pericardial cyst in a child treated with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

    A pericardial cyst is a rare condition in childhood. We report on a 10-year-old girl who presented with an intrathoracic mass detected on a chest X-ray performed during a routine medical examination. She had no symptoms and a physical examination revealed no abnormalities. ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a multiloculated cystic mass in the right upper thorax. The cyst was resected using a thoracoscopic procedure. Histologically, the findings were consistent with a pericardial cyst. Thoracoscopic surgery was an effective surgical technique even for such a young patient and the results successfully reduced the morbidity. CONCLUSION: A pericardial cyst, a rare condition in childhood, was treated successfully by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.
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ranking = 0.2258820988321
keywords = chest
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7/67. teratoma presenting as a cystic lesion on the chest wall.

    A 28-year-old woman presented with a rare case of chest-wall teratoma. Computed tomography of a cystic lesion located in the anterior chest wall revealed a hyperdense object with the appearance of a tooth. The cystic mass was totally excised via a chest-wall incision without thoracotomy. Pathologic examination showed a benign teratoma containing an immature tooth.
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ranking = 1.5811746918247
keywords = chest
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8/67. Concurrent cysts of the mediastinum, pleura and neck.

    A 14-year-old male was found to have a mediastinal mass on chest radiograph. Chest computed tomography scans showed a cystic lesion behind the left main bronchus. magnetic resonance imaging revealed additional cystic lesions in the left chest and root of the neck. He underwent excision of mediastinal mass and a pleural cyst. The neck lesion was presumed to be a cystic hygroma. Histological examination of the two lesions resected showed them to be a foregut cyst and a benign mesothelial cyst. We know of no other report of concurrent multicystic lesions in the chest and neck and hypothesize that these cysts may have a common embryonic origin.
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ranking = 0.67764629649629
keywords = chest
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9/67. The retrotracheal triangle in pediatric patients.

    The retrotracheal triangle is the posterior superior mediastinum and usually is well outlined on the routine lateral chest roentgenogram. It has characteristic features, and careful evaluation of this area on routine roentgenogram will be of assistance in identifying abnormalities producing respiratory or feeding difficulties in infants and children. Anomalies occurring in this area include vascular structures, esophageal lesions, tumor masses, and inflammatory lesions.
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ranking = 0.2258820988321
keywords = chest
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10/67. An unusual cause of chest pain.

    Pericardial cysts are rare mediastinal cysts, which are commonly asymptomatic. We report the case of a middle-aged lady, with a previous short history of chest pain, who was found to have a focal pericardial density, felt to have been a consequence of haemorrhage into such a cyst.
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ranking = 5
keywords = chest pain, chest
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