1/77. Human pulmonary dirofilariasis associated with pleural effusion.tuberculosis, untreated pneumonia and other chest infections were excluded as possible causes of histological features observed in patient who had been discovered in a chest X-ray survey. pleural effusion was eventually attributed to a dirofilarial granuloma found in a small pulmonary artery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/77. Detection of schistosoma mansoni in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. A case report.BACKGROUND: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a useful tool in the diagnosis of bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic pulmonary infections. There have been rare reports of parasitic infestations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. This is the first case report on detecting a Schistosoma ova in BAL fluid. CASE: A 40-year-old, Egyptian male presented with a fever and productive cough. He had a right pleural effusion and segmental collapse of the right lower lobe. BAL fluid showed several ova of schistosoma mansoni and established the diagnosis of schistosomiasis. Abdominal ultrasound revealed mild hepatic cirrhosis. CONCLUSION: schistosomiasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary problems in patients with disseminated disease in endemic areas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/77. Acute pulmonary schistosomiasis in travelers returning from Lake malawi, sub-Saharan africa.We describe four cases of acute schistosomiasis presenting to the Infectious Diseases Unit of John Radcliffe Hospital (Oxford, england) during a 2-month period in autumn 1997. All four patients had swum in Lake malawi, a freshwater lake in sub-Saharan africa that is associated with schistosoma haematobium and, less commonly, schistosoma mansoni infections. All four patients had a severe acute illness and had prominent pulmonary involvement, both clinically and radiologically. This represents a change in the recognized pattern of presentation and could possibly reflect a new parasite variant in the lake.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/77. North American paragonimiasis. A case report.BACKGROUND: paragonimiasis is a parasitic infection with a predilection for pulmonary involvement. Paragonimus species occur throughout the world and exist in nature in a snail-crustacean-mammalian life cycle. Human disease is most frequently encountered in cultures that ingest raw or undercooked crustaceans. North American paragonimiasis, caused by an endemic Paragonimus species, Paragonimus kellicotti, predominantly causes disease in carnivorous and omnivorous animals but may cause human disease if the intermediate host, the crayfish, is ingested raw or undercooked. CASE: A previously healthy, 21-year-old male was infected with P kellicotti and developed parasitic hemoptysis. The disease was contracted through the ingestion of local, undercooked crayfish. diagnosis was established through the morphologic examination of eggs in the cytologic preparation of bronchioalveolar lavage fluid. The patient was successfully treated with praziquantel and recovered without incident. CONCLUSION: paragonimiasis is a cause of parasitic hemoptysis worldwide. paragonimiasis is infrequently encountered in north america and is usually not considered in the differential diagnosis of hemoptysis unless specific risk factors are known. The cytologist or cytopathologist, therefore, may be the first to encounter the diagnostic eggs and should be familiar with this disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/77. paragonimiasis westermani with multifocal lesions in lungs and skin.We report a case of paragonimus westermani infection with a reticulonodular lesion in the right lung, left pleural effusion, and a mobile subcutaneous mass. Analyses of pleural effusion and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) showed marked eosinophilia and high levels of eosinophil cationic protein and interleukin (IL)-5. Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed the presence of pneumonia with mild eosinophilic infiltration but remarkable lymphocytic infiltration. In this patient, high IL-5 levels in both BALF and pleural effusion could explain the remarkable eosinophilia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/77. Pulmonary strongyloidiasis--case report of 2 cases.strongyloidiasis is a benign gastrointestinal infection. It can pass through the lungs and induce pulmonary strongyloidiasis. The suspicion of pulmonary involvement begins with clinical and chest radiographic features in the patients at risk. They are as follows: chronic lung diseases, age was 65 years, altered cellular immunity, and use of corticosteroids. Definitive diagnosis is made by identification of strongyloides in the secretion or tissue of the respiratory tract. We present 2 patients with pulmonary strongyloidiasis in this research. These 2 cases were patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; both patients were more than 65 years old. They had the risk factors for severe strongyloides infection (advanced age, use of corticosteroids, an high serum cortisol level), worsening of pulmonary symptoms (e.g., dyspnea, cough, sputum production) and abnormal radiographic findings. strongyloides stercoralis was found in the sputum and stool, and pulmonary strongyloidiasis was diagnosed. mebendazole 100 mg twice daily was used and this eliminated the parasite from the stool in case 1, and from the sputum in case 2. Unfortunately, there was a relapse of parasite infection in case 1 and it also induced pulmonary strongyloidiasis. Finally, he died of respiratory failure. Since this disorder has a high relapse rate (15%), serial follow-up of stool and sputum is very important.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/77. Pulmonary sparganosis: a case report with five years follow-up.sparganosis has a world wide distribution, but only a few patients have pulmonary involvement. The term sparganosis is defined as an infection by the larva of parasitic tapeworms of spirometra species. We present here-in a patient, who was infected by this parasite and had pulmonary symptoms. The chest roentgenography revealed diffuse multiple nodular infiltration with cavitations. bronchoscopy with a transbronchial lung biopsy was nondiagnostic. Finally, open lung biopsy was performed, and the histologic examination revealed plerocercoid larva of sparganum. The patient was treated with mebendazole 40 mg/kg/day for 6 months and his symptoms and pulmonary function improved. In the 5th year of follow-up, he presented with more progressive dyspnea and developed cor pulmonale, and finally died from pneumonia with sepsis. The objective of this report was to present a rare manifestation of sparganosis and it's clinical course. Currently, there is no known effective treatment for this disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/77. Pseudoparasitic pneumonia after bone marrow transplantation.We present a female patient from somalia with an acute lymphoblastic leukemia, who received an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and developed several periods of moderate to severe pulmonary symptoms that were accompanied by pulmonary infiltrates and peripheral blood eosinophilia. After several recurrences an open lung biopsy was performed, which initially gave rise to the diagnosis parasitic infection. Later on this diagnosis was questioned and it was suggested that the structures were artifacts that might have been aspirated. Nevertheless, after the immediately given antihelminthic treatment no peripheral blood eosinophilia occurred anymore, but at that point of time pulmonary function was already severely hampered and eventually led to a lethal complication. With the worldwide increasing migration from Third World countries with a high prevalence of parasitic infections, more patients will receive immunosuppressive therapies in countries less familiar with parasites. This may complicate diagnostic procedures, prevent early recognition and delay adequate treatment. Specific screening for opportunistic parasitic infections of the population at risk before BMT and a great awareness for these infections is strongly recommended.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/77. Subacute pulmonary granulomatous schistosomiasis: high resolution CT appearances--another cause of the halo sign.A case of probable acute granulomatous pulmonary schistosomiasis is described with multiple focal opacities on chest radiography and widespread, but predominantly peribronchovascular, nodules with ground-glass halos on high resolution CT (HRCT). The HRCT appearances in early schistosomiasis have not been described previously. Although the features are not diagnostic and may be seen in other conditions, in the appropriate clinical context they may suggest pulmonary involvement in schistosomiasis. The features of pulmonary schistosomiasis in the different stages of infection are discussed. Pulmonary involvement should be suspected in patients with even minor respiratory symptoms when there is a history of exposure to fresh water in endemic areas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/77. Case report: paragonimiasis westermani with seroconversion from immunoglobulin (Ig) m to IgG antibody with the clinical course.A 66-year-old man visited our hospital with primary complaint of cough. Chest roentgenogram showed slight pleural effusion and pneumothorax in the left lung. eosinophilia (22.8%) was also found in his peripheral blood. Multiple-dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dot-ELISA) for the detection of parasite-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibody was used to screen his serum against various parasitic diseases, but no significant binding was observed with any of the 12 parasite antigens examined, including those of paragonimus westermani and P. miyazakii. Although he seemed to have been spontaneously cured without treatment, a nodular shadow appeared in the right upper medial lung field on the chest roentgenogram 6 months later. This time, his serum was positive for anti-P. westermani IgG antibody by the same method. A reexamination of the first and second admission serum samples for parasite-specific IgM and IgG antibodies revealed significant level of IgM antibody in the serum of the first admission, which had decreased at the time of the second admission. Conversely, the level of IgG antibody, which was low at the first admission, became dominant in the second admission serum 6 months later. These results clearly show that although the dot-ELISA to detect IgG antibody is generally useful for screening and detecting paragonimiasis, detection of IgM antibody seems to be a useful aid and should also be included in immunoserological diagnosis, especially if the patient is considered to be in the early stage of infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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