1/11. Myelodysplastic syndrome and associated skin lesions: a review of the literature.The skin involvement of the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) can take the form of either a neoplastic infiltration or various non specific lesions. The occurrence of these lesions may be the presenting feature of the disease (MDS) or may herald its progression to acute leukemia. Recognition and early diagnosis have therapeutic and prognostic significance.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = myelodysplastic syndrome, myelodysplastic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/11. Specific cutaneous lesions of the scalp in myelodysplastic syndrome with deletion of 20q.We reported a specific skin lesion on the scalp in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), treated as refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB). Histologically, a specimen from a nodule of the scalp consisted of a diffuse infiltration of atypical cells in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The patient died of acute leukemia 3 months later. Chromosomal examination of bone marrow cells revealed deletion of 20q and 21 trisomy. The specific cutaneous lesions in this patient were associated with acute transformation. The deletion of 20q and specific cutaneous lesions are regarded as signs of poor prognosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = myelodysplastic syndrome, myelodysplastic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/11. skin involvement in chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia as a predictor of transformation into acute myeloid leukaemia.We report on the case of a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) who presented with leukaemia cutis preceding development of acute myeloid leukaemia. Leukaemic infiltration of the skin should be considered an early manifestation of leukaemic transformation and an indicator of poor prognosis in MDS.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = myelodysplastic syndrome, myelodysplastic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/11. Granulocytic sarcoma presenting with malignant anasarca in a patient with secondary acute myeloid leukemia.Granulocytic sarcomas (GS) are rare extramedullary tumor masses composed of immature cells derived from the hematopoietic myeloid series. GS occur in 3% to 7% of cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and can present before, during, or even after the diagnosis of AML. GS can involve different organs, individually or simultaneously, including the skin, lymph nodes, bone, breast, central nervous system, and lung among others. GS involving peritoneal and pleural fluids is a rare presentation. We present an unusual case of a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome whose disease progressed into a secondary AML and developed GS in the ascitic and pleural effusions as the predominant manifestation of disease progression.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = myelodysplastic syndrome, myelodysplastic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/11. Cutaneous leukaemic infiltrations in a patient with previously undiagnosed myelodysplastic syndrome.We report the rare case of a patient with leukaemia cutis first presenting only on the hand and fingers and then subsequently spreading over the trunk and face. The lesions heralded the transformation of a previously undiagnosed myelodysplastic syndrome type RAEB (refractory anaemia with blast excess) into frank myeloid leukaemia. The haematological disease was first detected by the dermatohistopathologist. This case underlines the need to look meticulously for skin changes and perform early skin biopsies in haematological patients, as the skin can reveal the first clinical signs of an otherwise not evident bone marrow disorder. Leukaemia cutis as the initial clinical presentation of a transforming myelodysplastic syndrome type RAEB into acute myeloid leukaemia has been reported only very rarely.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = myelodysplastic syndrome, myelodysplastic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/11. Myeloid sarcoma of the maxillary bone.Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a malignant tumour of myeloblasts rarely occurring in the maxillary bone. The tumour may precede or be concurrent with leukaemic infiltration of the bone marrow or herald blastic transformation of a myelodysplastic syndrome or a chronic myeloproliferative disorder. Myeloid sarcoma is uncommon in the oral cavity, but it can involve the palate, gingiva, extraction socket, and cheek. Recognition and diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma involving the soft tissues of the oral cavity in an otherwise asymptomatic patient is important and mandates an appropriate haematological diagnostic workup. We herein report on a new case without any evidence of haematological disorders. We discuss the pathological diagnosis and the therapeutical approaches.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = myelodysplastic syndrome, myelodysplastic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/11. cholecystitis caused by infiltration of immature myeloid cells: a case report.A 59-year-old man with myelodysplastic syndrome who was hospitalized for evaluation of fever and generalized fatigue had elevated levels of c-reactive protein and pancytopenia. A search for a site of infection and empiric treatment with antibiotics were unsuccessful. Over 5 to 6 weeks right upper quadrant pain and rebound tenderness developed. Sonographic Murphys sign was present. Computed tomography showed thickening of the gallbladder wall, and repeated ultrasonography demonstrated changes consistent with cholecystitis. Open cholecystectomy was performed as an emergency procedure. Macroscopically the resected gallbladder showed an edematous and thickened wall. Histopathologic examination revealed transmural infiltration by atypical mononuclear cells with distinct nuclei. The cells showed immunohistochemical staining for CD15, indicating myeloid lineage. By 10 days after surgery, counts of leukocytes and leukoblasts had markedly increased, reaching 36,700/microL and 76.0%, respectively. The blast crisis was thought to indicate progression from myelodysplastic syndrome to leukemia. The patient died of progressive disease 12 days after surgery. We have described a rare case of acute cholecystitis caused by infiltration of immature myeloid cells to the gallbladder. An acute abdomen complicating hematologic disorders is life-threatening and requires prompt and appropriate treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = myelodysplastic syndrome, myelodysplastic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/11. Unusual specific cutaneous lesions in myelodysplastic syndromes.BACKGROUND: early diagnosis of leukemia cutis in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is important because these lesions can precede acute peripheral blood or bone marrow transformation. leukemia cutis is usually easy to recognize, but atypical lesions are not well described. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to describe unusual specific lesions in MDS. methods: Data from patients with myeloid malignancies and leukemia cutis were reviewed. Only patients with MDS and cutaneous lesions different from typical tumors were included. Clinical features were analyzed. RESULTS: Four patients with MDS and unusual specific cutaneous lesions were found. They had ecchymoses, necrotic plaques or ulcers, and prurigo-like lesions. In three of four patients appearance of these skin lesions heralded or was concomitant with acute transformation. CONCLUSION: Specific cutaneous lesions can display unusual patterns. Early biopsy of cutaneous lesions in MDS is indicated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = myelodysplastic syndrome, myelodysplastic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/11. Sudden increase in intraocular pressure as an initial manifestation of myelodysplastic syndrome.PURPOSE/methods: We studied a rare initial manifestation of myelodysplastic syndrome in an 82-year-old woman who had acute secondary glaucoma in the right eye and mature cataracts in both eyes. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: Therapy with glaucoma control medications and cataract extraction in the right eye resulted in expulsive hemorrhage and subsequent enucleation of the right eye. After cataract extraction, examination of the left eye disclosed a central serous retinal detachment and hemorrhage. Histopathologic analysis of the right eye demonstrated myelocytic and lymphocytic infiltration.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = myelodysplastic syndrome, myelodysplastic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/11. Bilateral tumoral infiltration of the Achilles tendons revealing chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.Extrahematologic manifestations, such as symptoms of rheumatic disease, have been recorded in association with myelodysplastic syndromes, including chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). We report the case of a 51-year-old woman with tumoral infiltration of the Achilles tendons bilaterally, indicating CMML. This diagnosis was confirmed at postmortem examination.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = myelodysplastic syndrome, myelodysplastic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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