Cases reported • Intracranial Hypertension

1/5. Imaging features of intraventricular melanoma.

We present the MR imaging findings in a patient with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure and a mass in the left lateral ventricle. The mass showed increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images and low signal intensity on T2-weighted images. The histologic diagnosis was that of melanoma, and detailed physical and funduscopic examinations disclosed no evidence of a primary lesion. We believe that the mass was a primary intraventricular melanoma, possibly arising from the choroid plexus, and we discuss the mechanisms that may be responsible for its occurrence in this location.

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ranking = 1
keywords = choroid
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2/5. Bilateral multifocal uveal juvenile xanthogranuloma in a young boy with systemic disease.

BACKGROUND: Juvenile xanthogranuloma is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis that could occasionally produce diffuse systemic disease in young children, but associated posterior uveal lesions are very uncommon. methods: Case report of an 8-month-old boy with macrocephaly who presented with chronic subdural haematoma and intracranial hypertension. A combination of nodular skin lesions and bilateral yellowish choroidal infiltration with limited retinal involvement suggested juvenile xanthogranuloma. RESULTS: The diagnosis was confirmed by a skin biopsy, and oral corticosteroid therapy was introduced. Progression of the disease to involve an anterior uveitis with hypopyon and numerous other systemic lesions, including the central nervous system, lung, liver, spleen, kidney and testis, was also suggestive of Letterer-Siwe disease. histiocytes were negative for Langerhans cell markers (S-100 and CD1a) and positive for macrophage marker (CD68). Electron microscopy failed to show Birbeck granules. Ocular lesions regressed under prolonged corticosteroid treatment, but resurgence of the other lesions required chemotherapy with vinblastine. CONCLUSION: In this atypical systemic variant of juvenile xanthogranuloma with bilateral uveal involvement, the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings were crucial in distinguishing juvenile xanthogranuloma from Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

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ranking = 1
keywords = choroid
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3/5. Diffuse villous hyperplasia of choroid plexus.

Diffuse villous hyperplasia of choroid plexus (DVHCP) is a rare condition which is characterized by the presence of diffuse enlargement of the entire choroid plexus throughout the length of the choroidal fissure and overproduction of CSF. The diagnosis of diffuse villous hyperplasia of choroid plexus can be established by the MR demonstration of diffusely large, contrast enhanced choroid plexus in the cases of overproduction hydrocephalus. Although some authors recommend choroid plexus excision or coagulation, ventriculo-atrial shunt insertion is a simple and effective treatment modality in cases of diffuse villous hyperplasia of the choroid plexus. In this report we present a case of diffuse villous hyperplasia of the choroid plexus and a short review of the literature. To our knowledge, in the CT and MRI era only 5 cases of DVHCP cases have been reported.

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ranking = 12
keywords = choroid
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4/5. choroid plexus papilloma producing symptoms by secretion of cerebrospinal fluid.

A choroid plexus papilloma of the lateral ventricle presenting in early infancy and producing symptoms purely by secretion of cerebrospinal fluid with formation of a large cyst is presented. Initial conservative management by cyst-peritoneal shunt was followed by late recurrence of symptoms due to reformation of the cyst when the shunt blocked. Excision of the tumour afforded definitive relief.

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ranking = 1
keywords = choroid
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5/5. choroid plexus papilloma of the temporal horn associated with transtentorial herniation.

In the pediatric age group choroid plexus papillomas are most commonly located in the trigones and bodies of the lateral ventricles. This paper reports a 1-year-old patient with choroid plexus papilloma of the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle associated with transtentorial herniation.

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ranking = 2
keywords = choroid
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