Cases reported "Infarction"

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1/47. Small for gestational age infant in association with maternal prothrombin gene variant (nt 20210A).

    Most of disproportionate infants born small for gestational age (SGA) have an history of placental dysfunction with no explained cause. We report a case of an unexplained SGA infant with placental infarctions and thrombosis. Maternal thrombophilic disorder tests revealed that the patient was heterozygous for the A20210 prothrombin gene variant a newly identified thrombotic risk factor. It may be suggest that prothrombin gene variant, as factor v Leiden, could be a genetic risk factor for placental insufficiency.
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keywords = gestation
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2/47. uterine perforation resulting in bowel infarction: sharp traumatic bowel and mesenteric injury at the time of pregnancy termination.

    BACKGROUND: By law, elective terminations of pregnancy are not performed in U.S. military institutions. However, in the civilian sector, more than a million abortions are performed each year, some of which are on military beneficiaries. Although complications are relatively rare, patients not uncommonly present for follow-up care to their military installation. We report the case of a patient who presented after a second-trimester elective abortion and was found to have suffered uterine perforation with mesenteric and bowel injury that required bowel resection. CASE: An 18-year-old gravida 1 para 0 female presented from an outlying facility 1 week after elective termination at 18 weeks of gestation with complaints of severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Exploratory laparotomy for presumed bowel obstruction revealed uterine perforation and bowel devitalization and necrosis, which required small bowel resection. Fetal bones were discovered within the surgical specimen. CONCLUSION: Morbid, even potentially fatal, complications can occur as a result of pregnancy termination. With second-trimester procedures, perforation can result in injury to abdominal viscera from the perforating instruments or even from sharp fetal bony structures. Military gynecologic surgeons, who are not in abortion practice, must nevertheless be cognizant of the potential for perforation leading to serious visceral injury.
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ranking = 3.8310894023522
keywords = pregnancy, gestation
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3/47. Antepartum findings in fetal protein c deficiency.

    A pregnancy with fetal homozygous protein c deficiency was complicated in the third trimester by fetal ventriculomegaly, intraorbital thrombosis and placental infarcts, which could be imaged by combined use of ultrasonography and MRI.
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keywords = pregnancy
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4/47. Placental floor infarction complicating the pregnancy of a fetus with long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coa dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiency.

    By postmortem biochemical and molecular genetic analyses, an 8-month-old infant was diagnosed with long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme a dehydrogenase deficiency, an inborn error of mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. He was born following a pregnancy complicated by a maternal floor infarction of the placenta, a disorder of unknown etiology. We speculate that the child's autosomal recessive fatty acid beta-oxidation disorder and the pregnancy complication are causally related.
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keywords = pregnancy
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5/47. Carotid arterial elastic hyperplasia in a newborn.

    Cerebrovascular insufficiency in infancy and childhood is well documented and has a diverse and often unknown etiology. Reported here is a polycythemic, microciphalic infant girl of 43 week's gestation with bilateral cerebral infarction occurring in the perinatal period. Infarction was the result of bilateral carotid artery stenosis produced by massive reduplication of the internal elastic lamina. review of the literature failed to reveal any reports of similar arterial lesions. The angiographical picture was also unique. The etiology of this unusual defect is not known, but we believe the problem was congenital perhaps due to an intrauterine infectious process.
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keywords = gestation
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6/47. Perinatal hepatic infarction in twin-twin transfusion.

    We report a case of a twin pregnancy which was complicated by a twin-twin transfusion in which the recipient twin was noted to have an intra-abdominal echogenic mass. This twin died at two days of age of hepatic infarction. The donor twin was healthy at birth, at thirty weeks' gestation, and did not have any subsequent problems. Fetal intra-abdominal echogenicity may be a marker of hepatic infarction.
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ranking = 0.80518156705869
keywords = pregnancy, gestation
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7/47. Infarcted myxoid fibroadenoma following fine-needle aspiration.

    Infarction of breast fibroadenomas is very rare and is frequently associated with physiologic changes, such as pregnancy and lactation. We report a case of an infarcted fibroadenoma following fine-needle aspiration. The patient presented with an asymptomatic breast mass, which was clinically difficult to evaluate. Excisional biopsy was performed 7 days after a nondiagnostic fine-needle aspiration of the mass. Microscopically, the nodule showed features of a classic fibroadenoma of the intracanalicular type with myxoid or mucinous stromal changes, as well as extensive areas of acute infarction. This report provides another example of the changes that may be observed in biopsy specimens obtained after fine-needle aspiration of the breast.
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ranking = 0.60518156705869
keywords = pregnancy
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8/47. Spontaneous infarction of the breast.

    Five cases of infarction of physiological hyperplastic breast tissue associated with pregnancy or lactation are reported. These presented clinically as lumps in the breast, two of which were painful. Similar cases in the literature are briefly reviewed. The demonstration of an underlying lobular pattern in the present cases and the distribution of the infarcts support the view that the so-called 'adenoma' of pregnancy or lactation is a myth. Organizing vascular thrombi, previously unrecorded in this context, were seen in three of the five cases, and it is postulated that these lesions are the primary cause of the infarction rather than relative vascular insufficiency, as proposed by previous authors.
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ranking = 1.2103631341174
keywords = pregnancy
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9/47. Placental massive perivillous fibrin deposition associated with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.

    We present three pregnancies in which massive perivillous fibrous deposition (MPVFD) and maternal floor infarction (MFI) occurred in patients with primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (PAPS) attending a recurrent miscarriage clinic, and who were treated with low dose aspirin and heparin. We hypothesise that PAPS may be a predisposing factor to the development of this condition. The increased prevalence of late pregnancy complications in PAPS patients with a history of early miscarriage suggests that aspirin and heparin therapy does not eradicate the underlying pathological process but merely reduces the severity. Therefore, untreated early pregnancy losses may be converted into treated pregnancies with late antenatal complications. Some patients with PAPS may therefore be prone to suffer either the previously reported complications of the uteroplacental vasculature, such as pre-eclampsia, and/or specific complications related to the environment of the intervillus space, such as MPVFD/MFI.
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ranking = 1.2103631341174
keywords = pregnancy
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10/47. activated protein c resistance associated with maternal floor infarction treated with low-molecular-weight heparin.

    factor v Leiden with activated protein c resistance is found in up to 5% of the population. It is associated with current adverse pregnancy outcomes. Maternal floor infarction is a lesion in which fibrin is deposited throughout the placenta, leading to necrosis of villi, and (50% of the time) fetal demise. It is also often recurrent. There is no known etiology of maternal floor infarction, nor is there a known treatment. We report a case of a 34-year-old G5, P2 with multiple pregnancy losses, including two fetal deaths. Placental pathology was obtained from one of the losses and was notable for maternal floor infarction. In the index pregnancy, she was evaluated for thrombophilia and found to have a significant protein C resistance of 1.59, consistent with a factor v Leiden. She was treated with low-molecular-weight heparin, enoxaparin, 40 mg twice a day, titrated to achieve an activated factor xa activity level of 0.2 prior to her next dose. Her pregnancy was unremarkable until 39 weeks, when she developed a decreased amniotic fluid index. A 2995-kg healthy infant was delivered. The placenta showed no evidence of maternal floor infarction. This case demonstrates an association between maternal floor infarction and activated protein c resistance. It is also notable for a successful treatment of recurrent maternal floor infarction with prophylactic heparin. A single case report can only raise a question regarding associations. As we become more familiar with the thrombophilias, we may better understand the association of thrombophilias and placental disease as well as develop successful treatments.
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ranking = 2.4207262682348
keywords = pregnancy
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