1/22. Electromyographic activity of the jaw-closing muscles before and after unilateral coronoidectomy performed on a patient with coronoid hyperplasia: a case study.There have been few reports analyzing the activity of the jaw-closing muscles after coronoidectomy performed on a patient with coronoid hyperplasia. This paper presents a case study using electromyograms (EMGs) to evaluate the effects of unilateral coronoidectomy on the activity of masseter and temporal muscles. The patient was a 25-year-old male whose maximal range of jaw opening was 24 mm. After coronoidectomy of the left region, the range improved to 43 mm. EMGs were recorded in the center of the masseter muscles and the anterior part of the temporal muscles during gum chewing. Preoperatively, no abnormal EMG activity was observed. Eight months after surgery, increase in the ratio of the bilateral temporal muscle activity and a decrease in the ratio of the right masseter muscle activity were observed, and the proportion of activity of jaw closing muscles was out of the normal range. Eighteen months after surgery, there was slight return to the preoperative EMG activity. It was concluded that unilateral coronoidectomy could result in EMG changes of masseter and temporal muscles with a gradual return.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/22. Chronic factitial ulcer of chin cured by endodontic (root-canal) surgery for underlying periapical abscess.In a determined search for the cause of a "factitial" ulcer of the jaw, consultation with 3 dentists was required before an underlying periapical abscess was discovered. Within 3 months of endodontic surgery, this ulcer of 12 years duration had completely healed and remains healed. Too often dental infection is neither suspected nor detected as a cause of skin disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.14285714285714keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/22. Idiopathic noncondylar hemimandibular hyperplasia.A female patient with 'idiopathic non-condylar hemimandibular hyperplasia' was followed from the age of 7.5-11.5 years. This rare disorder was characterised by an increase in volume of the right inferior ramus and mandibular body. It also included accelerated development and eruption of the teeth on the affected side, but no indication of enlargement of the condyle or the condylar neck. To date, review of the literature revealed several cases of hemimandibular hyperplasia and unilateral condylar hyperplasia, both of which present with enlargement of the condyle. However, the patient differed significantly from any previously reported cases, since she had no enlargement of the condyle. The above mentioned patient also differed from patients with hemihypertrophy, since the teeth were accelerated in development, but not hyperplastic. In addition, from histopathologic and radiographic examinations, as well as an angiogram, benign fibro-osseous and vascular lesions of the mandible were excluded. Although this is a single case report and neither the aetiology nor the pathogenesis is yet understood, it may suggest a new disorder of the mandible. Therefore, future reporting of similar cases should be encouraged.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.790940786328keywords = mandible (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/22. Jacob's disease: report of two cases and review of the literature.Jacob's disease is a rare condition consisting of new joint formation between the coronoid process of the mandible and the inner aspect of the zygomatic arch. Strictly speaking, it was first described by the French anatomist Oscar Jacob in 1899, although in 1853 von Langenbeck had described coronoid process hyperplasia. The pathogenesis of both conditions remains unknown. In this paper we present two new cases and a complete review of the literature on Jacob's disease, of which we have found only 12 cases. Due to the low prevalence of this condition, its diagnosis is not straight forward.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.395470393164keywords = mandible (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/22. A case of ectopic parathyroid gland hyperplasia in the pyriform sinus.Variability in the location of parathyroid glands is well recognized. There are usually 4 parathyroid glands located in the area of the thyroid gland, but embryologically, they may be found anywhere from the angle of the jaw to the pericardium. We report a case of an ectopic parathyroid gland in the pyriform sinus. It appeared as a tumorous lesion in the pyriform sinus owing to progress of secondary hyperparathyroidism.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.14285714285714keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/22. Efficacy of high condylectomy for management of condylar hyperplasia.The purpose of this study was to compare the treatment outcome and long-term stability of 2 groups of young adult patients diagnosed with active condylar hyperplasia and treated with 2 different surgical methods. Thirty-seven patients (19 females and 18 males) met the criteria for inclusion in the study. Group 1 (n = 12; average age at surgery, 17.5 years) was treated with orthognathic surgery only, while group 2 (n = 25; average age at surgery, 16.7 years) had high condylectomy, articular disc repositioning, and orthognathic surgery. All patients underwent standardized clinical and radiographic examination at initial consultation, immediately before surgery, immediately after surgery, and at longest follow-up. Objective evaluation of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function included maximum incisal opening and lateral excursions. Subjective evaluations were performed in group 2 for TMJ pain, jaw function, and diet. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were evaluated for presurgical and postsurgical mandibular growth. There were no statistically significant differences (P >.05) between the 2 groups for maximal incisal opening, lateral excursions, or subjective jaw function before surgery. Presurgical growth differed significantly (P <.05), with group 2 showing more active growth. At the long-term follow-up, no differences were found in lateral excursions or subjective jaw function. There was a statistically significant difference in maximum incisal opening (P <.01), with a greater increase in group 2, as well as a statistically significant difference (P <.05) in cephalometric stability, with group 2 being much more stable at long-term follow-up. All patients in group 1 grew back into skeletal and occlusal Class III relationships and required secondary intervention. Only 1 patient in group 2 required secondary surgery, involving maxillary surgery to correct postsurgical transverse maxillary relapse; the mandible was stable at long-term follow-up. The results of this study showed that patients with active condylar hyperplasia treated with high condylectomy, articular disc repositioning, and orthognathic surgery have stable, predictable outcomes compared with those treated with orthognathic surgery alone.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.8240418217354keywords = mandible, jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/22. Condylar hyperplasia associated to synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint: a case report.Condylar hyperplasia is a slowly developing malformation of the mandible, with elongation of the mandibular neck, that generally results in facial asymmetry. Synovial chondromatosis is a benign chronic disorder characterized by the formation of multiple small nodules of hyaline cartilage as a result of metaplasia of the synovial connective tissue. It affects mostly the large joints, particularly the knee, hip, elbow and ankle. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is rarely affected. The case of a 42-year-old male with a history of left preauricular pain and swelling and deviation of the mandible to the left upon opening the mouth is presented. Computed tomography disclosed hyperplasia of the left condyle with loose radiopaque bodies within the joint cavity. The left TMJ was subject to open surgery, which included resection of four loose bodies and a remodeling condylectomy. The histopathological study confirmed the diagnosis of condylar hyperplasia and chondromatosis of the left TMJ.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.790940786328keywords = mandible (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/22. Generalized gingival hyperplasia occurring during pregnancy.In this report, we present a case of generalized gingival hyperplasia related to pregnancy causing chewing, speaking, breathing and cosmetic problems. The patient was a 26-year-old woman in the fourth month of her second pregnancy, with generalized gingival hyperplasia affecting both buccal and lingual aspects of the maxilla and mandible. The hyperplastic tissues, together with mobile teeth, were excised completely; no recurrence was observed for the remainder of the pregnancy. Hormonal changes occurring during pregnancy have long been known to be associated with generalized gingival hyperplasia. pregnancy does not cause the condition, but altered tissue metabolism in pregnancy accentuates the response to local irritants. This case was of clinical interest because of the extent of tissue proliferation, with the teeth in both the upper and lower jaw completely submerged.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5383275360211keywords = mandible, jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/22. The treatment of hemimandibular hyperplasia preserving enlarged condylar head.OBJECTIVE: To present a case of hemimandibular hyperplasia (HH) treated with orthognathic surgery that preserves the condyle without disturbing mandibular function. methods: A 27-year-old woman with HH was treated with orthognathic surgery preserving the enlarged condylar head. Radiographic examination showed typical enlargement of the right condyle, elongation of the right ascending ramus and mandibular body, and tilted occlusal plane. A mandibular sagittal split osteotomy on the unaffected side and subcondylar ramus osteotomy on the affected side, Le Fort I wedge osteotomy to relevel the tilted occlusal plane, and contouring of the lower mandibular margin were performed. RESULTS: Excellent results in the full-face appearance and occlusion were obtained. There was no change in the size of the reserved condylar head 4 years postoperatively. In a series of examinations of jaw function with electromyography, mandibular kinesiography, and computer-aided diagnostic axiography, more favorable findings were obtained postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: In a case of HH without abnormally high growth activity, orthognathic surgery preserving hypertrophic condyle produced functional improvement in addition to good occlusal and aesthetic outcomes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.14285714285714keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/22. New oral findings in Cohen syndrome.Cohen syndrome is a hereditary disorder transmitted as an autosomal-recessive trait. Approximately 100 cases have been reported in the genetic and pediatric literature. Despite the fact that oral alterations are often observed in these cases, only 1 work has been published addressing this specific topic, and it tended to concentrate on periodontal abnormalities. The present study details 2 new patients, 2 brothers (8 and 11 years old), and mainly consists of an analysis of the dentomaxillary anomalies that until now have not been studied in depth. In this study, the mandible, characterized as hypoplastic in Cohen syndrome, appears to be in a normal position; what really exists is a maxillary hyperplasia of genetic origin. We also put forward an observation hitherto undescribed in the literature: dental agenesis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.395470393164keywords = mandible (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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