1/720. Disorders in cerebellar ocular motor control. II. Macrosaccadic oscillation. An oculographic, control system and clinico-anatomical analysis.A distinctive cerebellar ocular motor disorder, macrosaccadic oscillation, evolved simultaneously with an acute cerebellar syndrome in 4 patients, 2 with haemorrhagic metastatic melanoma deep in the vermis, a third with a presumed cerebellar haematoma and a fourth with focal demyelinating disease. Ocular oscillations were conjugate, horizontal, symmetrical, occurred in bursts of several seconds duration, had amplitudes of 30 degrees to 50 degrees, and were evoked whenever the patient attempted to shift visual fixation or pursue a moving target. Photo-electric recordings in one patient with tumour defined features of this disorder of saccadic eye movement: (i) oscillation was composed of saccades, (ii) frequency was 2 Hz, (iii) bursts occurred with amplitude first increasing and then decreasing, (iv) intervals between beginnings of saccades averaged 260 ms and (v) eye position did not exhibit systematic drift during the intersaccadic period. These features documented the inreased gain and instability of the visually guided saccadic system. By using increased feed-forward gain in a sampled-data control model we simulated the pattern of macrosaccadic oscillation. We belive that the acute loss of the calibrator function of the cerebellum accounts for the gain abnormality underlying macrosaccadic oscillation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/720. Dissecting intramural haematoma of the oesophagus.The largest series of patients (n = 10) with dissecting intramural haematoma of the oesophagus is described. The typical features, chest pain with odynophagia or dysphagia and minor haematemesis are usually present but not always elicited at presentation. If elicited, these symptoms should suggest the diagnosis and avoid mistaken attribution to a cardiac origin for the pain. precipitating factors such as a forced Valsalva manoeuvre cannot be identified in at least half the cases. Early endoscopy is safe, and confirms the diagnosis when an haematoma within the oesophageal wall or the later appearances of a longitudinal ulcer are seen. Dissecting intramural haematoma of the oesophagus has an excellent prognosis when managed conservatively.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/720. Multiple postoperative intracerebral haematomas remote from the site of craniotomy.A postoperative haemorrhage is a common and serious complication of a neurosurgical procedure. It usually occurs at the site of the surgery, but on occasion a postoperative haematoma is found at a distance from the previous craniotomy. Multiple postoperative haemorrhages are extremely rare. We report the case of a 63-year-old woman, operated on for the removal of a supratentorial astrocytoma, who developed in the early post-operative period multiple bilateral intracerebral haematomas without involvement of the surgical bed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6.049381116348keywords = haematoma, haemorrhage, intracerebral, cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/720. A case of amnestic syndrome caused by a subcortical haematoma in the right occipital lobe.A case of an amnestic syndrome caused by a subcortical haematoma in the right occipital lobe is reported. A 62-year-old right-handed man presented with a sudden onset of headache to the hospital. On admission, he had a left homonymous hemianopsia, disorientation and recent memory disturbance, but had normal remote memory and digit span. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a subcortical haematoma in the right occipital lobe. These findings suggest that the patient's amnesia was caused by a lesion of the retrosplenial region in the non-dominant hemisphere.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/720. Aorto-oesophageal fistula presenting as a submucosal oesophageal haematoma.The CT findings in a fatal case of aorto-oesophageal fistula secondary to an atheromatous plaque in the thoracic aorta are described. These features are correlated with findings on endoscopy and barium studies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/720. Growing skull fracture of the orbital roof. Case report.Growing skull fractures are rare complications of head trauma and very rarely arise in the skull base. The clinical and radiological finding and treatment of a growing fracture of the orbital roof in a 5-year-old boy are reported, and the relevant literature is reviewed. The clinical picture was eyelid swelling. Computed tomography (CT) scan was excellent for demonstrating the bony defect in the orbital roof. Frontobasal brain injury seems to play an important role in the pathogenesis of the fracture growth. Growing skull fracture of the orbital roof should be considered in the differential diagnosis in cases of persistent ocular symptoms. craniotomy with excision of gliotic brain and granulation tissue, dural repair and cranioplasty is the treatment of choice.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 9.5700833761688E-6keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/720. hematometra and extended vaginal haematoma after laser conization. A case report.A very rare case of haematometra and extended vaginal haematoma in a 53-year-old woman after laser conization is reported. The patient presented with amenorrhea and complete urinary retention. The possible pathogenesis of this complication is discussed. ultrasonography, combined with physical examination were very helpful in determining the diagnosis. Cervical dilation and protection of surrounding tissues from thermal damage is recommended during laser conization to avoid similar complications.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/720. Acute renal failure due to retroperitoneal haematoma: a question of warfarin dispensation.We report a case of an important and uncommon haemorrhagic complication in a patient receiving warfarin treatment. We reflect on the importance of close monitoring of anticoagulant therapy to prevent haemorrhagic complications and to ensure safety in longterm use.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/720. meningioma presenting as tolosa-hunt syndrome.A 23-year-old woman was admitted with headache, nausea, vomiting and blurred vision on the left side. Neurological examination showed ptosis with a complete internal and external ophthalmoplegia and a red fullness around the left orbita. Computed tomographic scanning of the brain revealed no abnormalities. As she improved on high doses of steroids a diagnosis of tolosa-hunt syndrome (THS) seemed to be indicated. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a lesion with intermediate signal intensity in the left cavernous sinus. craniotomy was performed when symptoms of THS recurred. Histopathological examination revealed a meningioma with a papillary aspect and some mitoses. This case illustrates that: (1) THS is still a diagnosis by exclusion; (2) MRI and histopathological examination are important if there is any doubt about the diagnosis; and (3) also when there is no doubt, improvement after steroid therapy may be a diagnostic pitfall. Therefore, not only MRI but also orbital phlebography and angiography should seriously be considered.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.7850416880844E-6keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/720. Dural arteriovenous malformation in the anterior cranial fossa.Two cases of dural arteriovenous malformation (AVM) at the base of the anterior cranial fossa are described. In both cases an intracerebral hematoma following the rupture of the AVM was the first indication of the disease. In one case, the malformation was supplied both by the anterior ethmoidal artery and frontopolar artery draining into the superior sagittal sinus. In the second case, the right anterior ethmoidal artery with draining veins into the superior sagittal sinus and sphenoparietal sinus was the feeding vessel. Surgical evacuation of the hematoma and excision of the malformation was performed on both patients. The typical clinical signs and radiological findings are described. A review of the pertinent literature is given.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0059676742481975keywords = intracerebral, cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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