1/5. Human herpesvirus-8-positive body cavity-based lymphoma involving the atria of the heart: a case report.We describe an unusual case of a body cavity-based lymphoma, otherwise termed primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), involving the atria of the heart of an hiv-seropositive patient. This is the first reported case of the involvement of the heart by this rare lymphoma. This hiv-related lymphoma represents a distinct B-cell malignancy associated with human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection. It is characterized by involvement of body cavities, with infrequent evidence of organ or bone marrow infiltration. The tumor cells are large, nucleolated with an immunoblastic or anaplastic appearance, positive for activation markers, such as CD30, and negative for B-cell and T-cell immunophenotypic markers. Integration of HHV-8 dna sequences is considered the hallmark of PEL. The tumor demonstrates frequent association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and uniform absence of c-myc oncogene rearrangement, unlike most other hiv-related lymphomas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/5. Primary effusion lymphoma with subsequent development of a small bowel mass in an hiv-seropositive patient: a case report and literature review.Primary effusion lymphoma is a distinct clinicopathologic entity usually characterized by presentation as a lymphomatous body cavity effusion in the absence of a solid tumor mass or dissemination during its clinical course. This lymphoma is typically present in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients and frequently associated with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 (KSHV/HHV8) viral sequences. Here we report a rare case of KSHV/HHV8-associated primary effusion lymphoma with secondary involvement of the small bowel as an obstructive tumor mass in an hiv-infected man. The solid small bowel lymphoma demonstrated essentially identical morphology, immunophenotype, KSHV/HHV8 viral status, and immunoglobulin light chain rearrangements to the pleural cavity-based primary effusion lymphoma in the same patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.4keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/5. Rapidly progressive outer retinal necrosis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.Two patients, both seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus, developed rapidly progressive retinal necrosis associated with a systemic herpes zoster infection. The retinitis in these patients was characterized by primary involvement of the outer retina, with sparing of the inner retina and retinal vasculature until late in the disease process; a rapidly progressive course; poor response to intravenous acyclovir; and development of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. In one of the patients, the retinitis was initially multifocal. Electron microscopy of a retinal biopsy specimen from one of the patients demonstrated virus particles consistent with a herpesvirus, and polymerase chain reaction disclosed herpesvirus in a retinal biopsy specimen of the other patient. This entity may represent a distinct form of acute retinal necrosis that is seen in immunocompromised individuals.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.4keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/5. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and human herpesvirus 8 (KSHV/HHV8)-associated lymphoma of the bowel. Report of two cases in hiv-positive men with secondary effusion lymphomas.This report describes two cases of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus-8 (KSHV/HHV8)-associated lymphomas that primarily involved the large bowel and that secondarily caused malignant effusions. Involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is of interest because epidemiologic evidence suggests that KSHV/HHV-8 may be transmitted via the fecal-oral route, and KSHV/HHV8 dna has been detected in rectal samples from hiv-positive patients. This report describes two hiv-positive men who developed primary KSHV/ HHV8-associated lymphomas of the bowel. Despite similar morphology and immunophenotype, these cases differ from most KSHV/HHV8-associated primary effusion lymphomas, which present with malignant effusions in the absence of a solid tumor mass. The spectrum of KSHV/HHV8-associated lymphomas is expanded to include a subset of primary bowel lymphomas in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/5. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus type 8 encephalitis in hiv-positive and -negative individuals.OBJECTIVE: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) has been associated with Kaposi's sarcoma and a variety of benign lymphoid proliferations including angioimmunoblastic lymphadenitis with dysproteinemia and Castleman's disease. KSHV/HHV-8 has also been associated with inflammatory conditions including interstitial pneumonitis. Although herpesviruses are commonly associated with encephalitis in immunosuppressed individuals, KSHV/HHV-8 has not previously been associated with central nervous system disease other than lymphoma. The first cases of KSHV/HHV-8 associated encephalitis have been described. methods AND DESIGN: KSVH/HHV-8 sequences were evaluated in brain biopsies from three cases of otherwise unexplained encephalitis from three patients, two of whom were positive for hiv. Amplification of the polymerase chain reaction product was confirmed with Southern blot hybridization on three separate occasions, and with appropriate positive and negative controls. RESULTS: All three cases of encephalitis were associated with KSHV/HHV-8 sequences. Characteristic lesions included endothelial cell swelling and perivascular cuffing by lymphocytes. CONCLUSIONS: KSHV/HHV-8 was associated with encephalitis in immunosuppressed individuals, and should have been considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained viral encephalitis. KSHV/HHV-8 may have tropism for the central nervous system.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.2keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |