1/10. Novel bacterium isolated from a lung transplant patient with cystic fibrosis.The major clinical problem for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is progressive loss of pulmonary function, usually due to chronic bacterial infections. A patient with CF and a lung transplant was severely infected with a previously unidentified gram-negative bacterium. We isolated this organism (strain DS15158) from the patient and characterized it by phylogenetic analysis of the small-subunit rRNA and biochemically by the BIOLOG GN MicroPlate assay, fatty acid analysis, and various standard laboratory tests. No close match to any other organism could be found. Isolate DS15158 represents a new genus-level divergence within the bacterial subdivision alpha-proteobacteria on the basis of the 16S rRNA gene analysis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/10. Polymicrobial tenosynovitis with pasteurella multocida and other gram negative bacilli after a Siberian tiger bite.Mammalian bites present a considerable clinical problem because they are often associated with bacterial infections. pasteurella multocida is a microorganism that commonly infects both canine and small feline bites. Zoonotic infections developing after large feline bites have been recognised, although their reports are limited. We describe a 35 year old man who was bitten by a Siberian tiger and who developed infectious tenosynovitis secondary to P multocida, Bergeyella (Weeksella) zoohelcum, and Gram negative bacteria most like CDC group EF-4b and comamonas species. The latter three bacteria have not been isolated previously from large feline bite wounds.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/10. Case report: recovery of Calliphora vicina first-instar larvae from a human traumatic wound associated with a progressive necrotizing bacterial infection.Human myiasis caused by Calliphora vicina is rare in europe. Here we report a case of C. vicina infection occurring in the traumatic leg wound of a healthy 21-year-old man. Firstly, a progressive necrotizing infection developed in the wound despite administration of antibiotics. aeromonas hydrophila was isolated from the wound samples. Secondly, during debridement, C. vicina first-instar larvae were isolated from the wound. To our knowledge, this is the first European case of C. vicina wound myiasis associated with severe A. hydrophila infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/10. Outcome of infections due to pandrug-resistant (PDR) Gram-negative bacteria.BACKGROUND: The increasing problem of infections due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria has led to re-use of polymyxins in several countries. However, there are already clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to all available antibiotics, including polymyxins. methods: We present a case series of patients with infections due to pathogens resistant to all antimicrobial agents tested, including polymyxins. An isolate was defined as pandrug-resistant (PDR) if it exhibited resistance to all 7 anti-pseudomonal antimicrobial agents, i.e. antipseudomonal penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams, quinolones, aminoglycosides, and polymyxins. RESULTS: Clinical cure of the infection due to pandrug-resistant (PDR) Gram-negative bacteria, namely pseudomonas aeruginosa or klebsiella pneumoniae was observed in 4 out of 6 patients with combination of colistin and beta lactam antibiotics. CONCLUSION: colistin, in combination with beta lactam antibiotics, may be a useful agent for the management of pandrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. The re-use of polymyxins, an old class of antibiotics, should be done with caution in an attempt to delay the rate of development of pandrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/10. life-threatening chronic enteritis due to colonization of the small bowel with stenotrophomonas maltophilia.Chronic diarrheal illness and malabsorption are challenging diagnostic and clinical problems. The identification of the causative pathogens that are involved in gastrointestinal infections is often difficult. It took 85 years after the first description of a case of intestinal lipodystrophy by Georg Whipple in 1907 until the causative bacterium was characterized by using molecular genetics techniques. We here report the complicated clinical course of a young patient with chronic diarrhea accompanied by severe, life-threatening malabsorption with extensive weight loss. histology and glucose hydrogen breath test were suggestive of a bacterial overgrowth syndrome in the small bowel, but standard culture-based techniques and serology failed to identify the causative bacteria. Thus, bacterial ribosomal dna (16S ribosomal dna) was extracted from duodenal biopsy samples and analyzed by community fingerprinting and species-specific polymerase chain reaction. stenotrophomonas maltophilia was identified as the cause of chronic infectious enteritis. Only specific long-term antibiotic treatment with co-trimoxazole had a durable clinical effect and led to normalization of 16S ribosomal dna profiles. This case shows the role of rare and uncommon bacteria in refractory and chronic human gastrointestinal infections. Genomic techniques, including 16S-based single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis, will play an increasing role in the diagnosis of chronic infections with facultatively pathogenic bacteria or in the clinical analysis of complex bacterial communities such as the intestinal bacterial microflora. Future enhancements in detection techniques will show that chronic bacterial infections are more frequent as a cause of gastrointestinal malfunction than commonly thought.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/10. ecthyma gangrenosum and septic shock syndrome secondary to chromobacterium violaceum.chromobacterium violaceum is a gram-negative bacterium of soil and water in tropical and subtropical environments. Typically, it is considered a bacterium of low virulence although, uncommonly, it causes human infection, particularly in persons with defects in host defenses. Infection generally follows exposure of broken skin to contaminated water and soil, and is often characterized by pustules, lymphadenitis, fever, and vomiting, as well as rapid dissemination and a high mortality rate. Unfortunately, because C violaceum is ubiquitous, it is often dismissed as a contaminant when cultured. Because rapid diagnosis (by taking appropriate specimens) and treatment are vital to a good prognosis, it is imperative that physicians be aware of this organism. In addition, patients with chromobacterial infections should have an immunologic workup because infections in immunocompetent individuals are rare. Here we report an aggressive yet nonfatal case of C violaceum septicemia in an adolescent male, diagnosed through a punch biopsy of a skin lesion, and resulting in a new diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/10. brain abscess by mycotic and bacterial infection in a diabetic patient: clinical report and review of literature.This report presents a case of lethal invasive mucormycosis, a rare fungal infection, which predominantly affects immunocompromised patients, and is reported in a 57-year-old female who presented with cerebral abscess. The patient, who had undiagnosed diabetes mellitus, presented with extensive right hemifacial deficiency of the bones and soft tissues consequent to surgical resection of the ethmoid-spheno-maxillo-orbital district after mucormycosis. A reconstruction with a pectoral pedunculated flap was performed. The maxillary swelling extended to the contiguous area, involving the palate and homolateral orbital floor. Mucous and cutaneous samples showed the presence of aspergillus fumigatus, and diagnosis of rhinocerebral mucormycosis was made. The patients also presented with a right hemiplegia consequent to a cerebral abscess by eikenella corrodens. The authors decided to position an intraoral prosthesis to restore palatal integrity and masticatory function and inserted four titanium fixtures for the retention of the bone-anchored facial prosthesis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/10. Quinolone therapy in intensive care unit settings.Three fluoroquinolone antimicrobials (norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin) could be used to prevent or treat infections in intensive care unit patients. All of these fluoroquinolones are particularly active against Gram-negative, aerobic bacteria. However, the pharmacokinetic properties of each fluoroquinolone are unique. Furthermore, only ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin are available for intravenous administration. Based on current, available information: a) fluoroquinolones are not endorsed for inclusion in selective decontamination protocols; b) fluoroquinolones are endorsed for empiric therapy of suspected gram-negative bacterial infections based on local microorganism susceptibility patterns; and c) fluoroquinolones are endorsed for treatment of microbiologically documented infections based on their distribution properties, low rate of toxicity, and rapid bactericidal effect.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/10. Gram-negative meningitis associated with transsphenoidal surgery: case reports and review.We present a systematic review of meningitis associated with transsphenoidal surgery. patients present within the first 4 days after surgery with symptoms of headache, fever, and confusion. Overt cerebrospinal rhinorrhea or nuchal rigidity at the time of presentation is an infrequent finding. Although postoperative aseptic meningitis may be difficult to distinguish from early bacterial meningitis, the findings of hypoglycorrhachia, pleocytosis, and hyperproteinemia in the setting of fever and neurological deficit strongly suggest bacterial infection. The preponderance of cases of gram-negative meningitis observed in this series and in previous reports related to posttraumatic CSF leaks indicates that empirical regimens should include agents suitable for treating infections caused by nosocomial pathogens. In general, patients with uncomplicated meningitis in this setting can be expected to recover and do well. Questions remain as to the role of prophylactic antibiotics in the development of gram-negative meningitis in the setting of transsphenoidal surgery. A multicenter trial might be better able to define this role.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/10. Fatal aeromonas hydrophila bacteremia in a hemodialysis patient treated with deferoxamine.A 49-year-old woman undergoing long-term hemodialysis and treated with deferoxamine (DFO) 1.5 g twice weekly for aluminum bone disease developed fever and bilateral calf pain caused by myonecrosis with gas gangrene. She had a rapidly fatal outcome. The cultures of blood and aspirates from both calf muscles demonstrated aeromonas hydrophila. No obvious entry point could be traced. The in vitro growth of the patient's strain was found to be stimulated by the deferoxamine-iron complex in an iron-deprived medium. It is suggested that high-dose DFO therapy in this patient was responsible for promoting a bacterial infection by this microorganism.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |