Cases reported "Glomerulonephritis"

Filter by keywords:



Retrieving documents. Please wait...

1/1403. biopsy-proven resolution of immune complex-mediated crescentic glomerulonephritis with mycophenolate mofetil therapy in an allograft.

    We report biopsy-proven resolution of immune-complex-mediated crescentic glomerulonephritis (ICMCGn) using mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). Therapy with steroids and cyclophosphamide failed twice in a 39-year-old white man who developed ICMCGn in his native kidneys, and subsequently in a human lymphocyte antigen-identical renal allograft. When he developed ICMCGn in a second, now cadaver, allograft, he was treated with steroids and MMF instead. His serum creatinine (Cr) improved from 4.4 mg/dL to 2.1 mg/dL. A biopsy 21 months later showed him to be free of glomerular disease. MMF is known to be an effective immunosuppressant. In our patient, ICMCGn, a notoriously difficult entity to treat effectively, seemingly resolved with MMF therapy. We suggest that MMF may be effective in the treatment of immunologically mediated pre-end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It should be considered in any posttransplantation setting where the original cause of organ failure is known to be immunologically mediated and likely to recur. ( info)

2/1403. Fibrillary glomerulonephritis in siblings.

    Fibrillary/immunotactoid glomerulopathy is characterized by organized glomerular deposition of extracellular, nonbranching, immunoglobulin-derived microfibrils, which is not associated with systemic diseases such as amyloidosis, cryoglobulinemia, or monoclonal gammopathy. This is an uncommon condition with an obscure etiology and accounts for approximately 1% of primary glomerular diseases in white populations. We report the first case of familial fibrillary/immunotactoid glomerulopathy affecting a brother and a sister in a Chinese family. Both patients presented with heavy proteinuria, which improved transiently on treatment with prednisolone and cyclophosphamide. Human lymphocyte antigen typing for the siblings showed no haplotype association. Despite the generally poor renal prognosis reported in the literature, with 50% of patients reaching end-stage renal failure within 2 to 4 years, both patients had relative preservation of renal function (creatinine clearance from 79 to 76 mL/min/1.73 m2 after 2 years in one patient and from 111 to 99 mL/min/1.73 m2 after 3 years in the other). Our observations show that fibrillary/immunotactoid glomerulopathy can present as a familial condition. Compared with sporadic cases, patients with familial fibrillary/immunotactoid glomerulopathy may have a more favorable renal prognosis. ( info)

3/1403. Familial lobular glomerulopathy: first case report in asia.

    A 23-year-old male Japanese student presented a unique lobular glomerulopathy characterized by mesangial and subendothelial expansion with numerous periodic acid-Schiff-positive deposits. Electron microscopy showed massive fine granular deposits with a homogeneous distribution. Fibrillar or microtubular structures were not demonstrated. Fibronectin was positive on immunostaining, as was immunoglobulin g and fibrinogen. Familial study revealed that the patient's grandfather, two aunts, and one cousin on his father's side had developed end-stage renal failure. Clinicopathologic features of this patient are identical with those of familial lobular glomerulopathy, which has been previously described by several investigators. Seven of the previously reported families were white and resided in the united states or in European countries. This is the first report of an Asian case, and indicates that this disease universally occurs independently of racial specificity. ( info)

4/1403. Fibrillary glomerulonephritis and charcot-marie-tooth disease.

    We report the case of a young white man with charcot-marie-tooth disease type 1 that began at 4 years. At 15 years, he developed proteinuria, arterial hypertension, and renal insufficiency. Renal biopsy specimens studied by electron microscopy showed deposition of nonamyloidotic microfibrils. This is the first report of fibrillary glomerulopathy associated with this neurological disorder. ( info)

5/1403. Fibrillary glomerulonephritis in a renal allograft.

    Fibrillary glomerulonephritis is an uncommon disease seen in approximately 1% of all native kidney biopsy specimens. We present here a case of a 40-year-old white woman with the rapid loss of graft function secondary to fibrillary glomerulonephritis within 7 days of receiving a living-related renal allograft. This case emphasizes the values of combining urinalysis with prompt allograft kidney biopsy in recipients with an elevated serum creatinine posttransplantation. When one encounters rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis or a pulmonary-renal syndrome in the immediate posttransplantation period, fibrillary glomerulonephritis must be considered in the differential diagnosis. Because of a high recurrence rate and no available treatment to modify a potentially malignant course of this disease, we recommend caution when considering these patients for transplantation. ( info)

6/1403. MPO-ANCA necrotizing glomerulonephritis related to rheumatoid arthritis.

    Two patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis with high titers of anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies (MPO) in the absence of overt extrarenal vasculitis. We therefore suggest that in some patients with RA, MPO-ANCA necrotizing glomerulonephritis (GN) may occur as a kidney-limited form of rheumatoid vasculitis, and that RA should be added to the list of diseases potentially associated with necrotizing GN with anti-MPO antibodies. These observations also point out the importance of repeatedly evaluating titers of anti-MPO antibodies in the course of RA, especially if renal impairment or abnormal urinary sediment are present. ( info)

7/1403. IgA antiglomerular basement membrane disease associated with bronchial carcinoma and monoclonal gammopathy.

    Antiglomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease is characterized by a linear deposition of immunoglobulins along the glomerular basement membrane. A 67-year-old man with a recently discovered monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) presented with microscopic hematuria, nephrotic-range proteinuria, and rapidly deteriorating renal function after a pneumonia. Renal histology showed a crescentic glomerulonephritis; immunohistology showed intense linear staining of the GBM with immunoglobulin a (IgA) and moderate linear staining with kappa and lambda light chains. Screening for systemic disease, including diabetes mellitus, lupus erythematodes disseminatus, cryoglobulinemia, was negative. Serological tests for detection of anti-GBM antibodies were positive for IgA class and negative for IgG. Further examination indicated a bronchial carcinoma T2N2M0. This clinical report adds new information to the spectrum of anti-GBM disease and suggests that neoplasia may be associated with unusual exposure of and/or immune response to epitopes in the GBM. ( info)

8/1403. Pauci-immune rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis after nephrectomy in a renal donor.

    Idiopathic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a clinicopathologic syndrome in which glomerular damage is accompanied by a rapid and progressive decline in renal function, usually resulting in irreversible renal failure in weeks or months. We report the occurrence of pauci-immune RPGN, more specifically microscopic polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), in a 60-year-old woman 15 months after donor nephrectomy, and 3 months after documentation of intact, residual renal function. The transplanted kidney continues to function well in the recipient, 6 years posttransplantation, and 4.5 years beyond destruction of the donor's contralateral kidney by RPGN. The donor underwent cadaveric renal transplantation after 2 years on dialysis, and at the 3-year mark has intact renal function. These intriguing observations strongly argue that host environmental factors, rather than intrarenal factors, play a major causative role in the pathogenesis of RPGN. ( info)

9/1403. prognosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis in childhood: prospective study and review of the literature.

    Serial, clinical, clinicopathologic and histologic studies performed simultaneously following onset of PS-AGN in children for a period of up to 144 months revealed no evidence of progression to chronic glomerulonephritis. Although acute morphologic changes were more severe in renal tissue obtained from patients with AGN following streptococcal upper respiratory infection than following pyoderma, the acute manifestations in both groups subsided 6 to 12 weeks after onset. Cumulative morphologic healing occurred in 20% of patients at 24 months, in 43% at 48 months after onset of PS-AGN; 1 patient who was unhealed at 49 months was lost to follow-up. In 2 patients (6%), acute histologic exacerbations without clinical signs occurred within 24 months after onset. Subsequent healing was documented histologically. Addis counts remained abnormal in a high percentage of patients throughout the 12 years of observation and did not correlate with the histologic findings of renal biopsy tissue. The occasional demonstration of renal vascular disease and/or hypertension may merely reflect the early development of spontaneous essential hypertension although the possibility of a relationship to the previous attack of PS-AGN is intriguing. This question cannot be answered at this time. Renal biopsy studies are more dependable than Addis counts in assessing the course of PS-AGN. The significance of persistence of immunofluorescent and/or electron microscopic changes (subepithelial dense deposits) many years after onset in 58% of 12 patients studied, at a time when a majority of patients (84%) revealed healing by light microscopy, remains to be assessed. ( info)

10/1403. Antiglomerular basement membrane antibody-mediated glomerulonephritis after intranasal cocaine use.

    We report a case of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis due to antiglomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibodies that progressed to end-stage renal disease in a 35-year-old man who used intranasal cocaine on an occasional basis. In contrast to many prior reports of acute renal failure occurring with cocaine-associated rhabdomyolysis, this patient did not have any evidence of acute muscle damage and myoglobin release. Circulating anti-GBM antibodies and renal biopsy with linear IgG and C3 deposits confirmed the diagnosis of anti-GBM disease. The possibility of anti-GBM must be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute renal failure in cocaine addicts. This unusual combination raises complex questions regarding the pathogenesis of this type of renal injury. ( info)
| Next ->


Leave a message about 'Glomerulonephritis'


We do not evaluate or guarantee the accuracy of any content in this site. Click here for the full disclaimer.