Cases reported "Glomerulonephritis"

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1/7. Recurrent acute glomerulonephritis.

    biopsy-proven recurrent acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) is extremely rare and is usually seen in children with acute, well-defined streptococcal infections. We present here a patient with recurrent AGN in the absence of chronic bacterial infection. The subject, an 80-year-old man, had eight episodes of acute nephritic syndrome following upper respiratory tract infection. No abnormalities were detected during remissions. Renal biopsies during two of those episodes showed typical postinfectious acute exsudative endocapillary glomerulonephritis, while results of another biopsy performed during remission were normal.
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keywords = bacterial infection
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2/7. Inherited C3 deficiency with recurrent infections and glomerulonephritis.

    A 10-year-old Laotian boy had homozygous deficiency of the third component of complement and recurrent bacterial infections beginning at age 5 months. Cellular and humoral immunity were normal, as were polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis and bactericidal activities. serum complement-mediated hemolytic, chemotactic, and opsonic activities were deficient. in vitro addition of purified C3 to patient serum restored hemolytic complement to normal levels, and plasma infusion during each of four episodes of pneumonia significantly enhanced serum opsonic activity for as long as 36 hours. A renal biopsy specimen revealed mesangiopathic glomerulonephritis, although significant levels of circulating IgG immune complexes were not detected. These findings further support the association of C3 deficiency with immune-complex disease and suggest that plasma infusion may be an adjunct to antibiotic therapy in the management of severe pyogenic infections in patients with C3 deficiency.
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keywords = bacterial infection
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3/7. IgA nephropathy associated with disseminated tuberculosis.

    A 59-year-old man had disseminated tuberculosis and microscopic hematuria, red cell casts, and normal renal function. Renal biopsy revealed focal mesangial proliferation with exclusively IgA deposits, diagnostic of IgA nephropathy. After institution of antituberculous therapy, the urinary abnormalities resolved. There is evidence to suggest that tuberculosis, in addition to other conditions associated with mucosal exposure to antigens producing an IgA immune response, can result in IgA nephropathy. This glomerulopathy is reported as a potential renal complication of concurrent mycobacterial infection.
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ranking = 1
keywords = bacterial infection
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4/7. Immune complex glomerulonephritis in chronic granulomatous disease. Case report of an eighteen-year-old girl.

    An 18-year-old girl is described who developed advanced renal sclerotic lesions, probably preceded by local focal glomerulonephritis, which coexisted with a staphylococcus aureus abscess. It is hypothesized that immune complex glomerulonephritis developed, provoked by long-term antigenic stimulation of staphylococcus aureus. The cause of these long-term bacterial infections was a defect of the phagocytic cells to kill bacteria effectively, a disease known as chronic granulomatous disease. Therapy with intracellularly active antimicrobial agents restored the renal function till no more haemodialysis was necessary.
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ranking = 1
keywords = bacterial infection
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5/7. glomerulonephritis associated with chronic bacterial infection of a dacron arterial prosthesis.

    glomerulonephritis associated with severe chronic visceral or systemic infection is being increasingly recognized. The development of glomerulonephritis in association with chronic infection of prosthetic material permanently implanted in the circulatory system has been regularly reported since the description of "shunt nephritis" by Black, Challacombe and Ockenden in 1965. Nearly all of these cases have involved ventriculo-vascular shunts. However, this report documents the apparently rare association between glomerulonephritis and chronic bacterial infection of a bifurcate dacron aorto-bifemoral graft. The need for awareness of glomerulonephritis as a cause of acute renal failure in chronic infective states is highlighted.
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ranking = 4
keywords = bacterial infection
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6/7. The alternate complement pathway. A possible role in a patient with focal glomerular sclerosis.

    A boy had focal segmental glomerular sclerosis after the resolution of an unusual transient functional defect in activation of the alternate complement pathway. Prior to 1 year of age, the patient suffered repeated serious bacterial infections that were associated with an inability to opsonize escherichia coli ON 2 in vitro. serum levels of complement components were normal. Shortly after resolution of the complement defect, nephrotic syndrome developed. properdin and C3 were identified in sclerotic glomeruli, which suggests that the ability to activate the alternate complement pathway played a role in the pathogenesis of glomerular sclerosis.
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ranking = 1
keywords = bacterial infection
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7/7. Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis and acute renal failure associated with acute staphylococcal osteomyelitis.

    A 72-year-old man developed acute renal failure after coronary bypass surgery that had been complicated by sternal osteomyelitis caused by the staphylococcus aureus bacterium. bacteremia and sepsis were not present. Renal biopsy demonstrated a florid, diffuse, proliferative glomerulonephritis with glomerular immune complex deposition. Management included hemodialysis, prolonged antibiotic therapy, and repeated surgical debridement. Spontaneous recovery of renal function occurred after eradication of infection and final surgical wound repair. The relationship between acute bacterial infections and glomerulonephritis and, in particular, the causal role of staphylococcal antigens in the pathogenesis of such lesions is discussed.
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ranking = 1
keywords = bacterial infection
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