Cases reported "Gingival Diseases"

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1/43. Treatment of gingival hyperpigmentation for esthetic purposes by Nd:YAG laser: report of 4 cases.

    Gingival hyperpigmentation may cause esthetic problems and embarrassment, especially in patients with a gummy smile. This report presents the use of the Nd:YAG laser for gingival depigmentation. Four cases, 3 females and 1 male, ages between 24 to 28 years old, presented with the same chief complaint of unesthetic gingiva caused by melanin hyperpigmentation. The Nd:YAG laser was set at 6 watts, 60 millijoules per pulse, and 100 pulses per second. The procedures were performed with contact mode in all pigmented areas by using a handpiece with a 320 microm diameter fiber optic. Ablation of the gingival hyperpigmented areas were accomplished without any bleeding complications or significant postoperative pain. Three to 4 weeks after the procedures, the hyperpigmented gingiva appeared healthy, pink, and firm. No recurrence of hyperpigmentation had been found in 11 to 13 months of follow-up. However, in delicate areas such as the marginal gingiva, the Nd:YAG laser should be used cautiously.
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ranking = 1
keywords = pain
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2/43. erythema multiforme secondary to herpes simplex infection: a case report.

    BACKGROUND: erythema multiforme (EM) is a complex disease that may have cutaneous and/or mucosal involvement. The severity may range from mild to severe and potentially life threatening. The literature cites many factors including viruses, infections, and medications as causes. This report documents a patient who developed EM secondary to a herpes simplex viral (HSV) infection. methods: Two weeks following an eruption of herpes labialis, a 20-year-old white female patient developed acutely painful oral and labial ulcers accompanied by target skin lesions. A diagnosis of erythema multiforme (EM) was made. The patient was treated with antivirals, analgesics, and symptomatic therapy. RESULTS: Nine days after the onset of symptoms, the oral and cutaneous lesions had started to heal and the patient no longer required pain medication. CONCLUSIONS: Although the etiology of EM is still often unknown, infections with herpes simplex virus have been implicated as a possible precipitating factor. This case illustrates the association of the occurrence of EM with an HSV infection.
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keywords = pain
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3/43. The complex case--unforeseeable findings and interdisciplinary treatment.

    Orthodontic treatment is described in a case requiring an early treatment start due to disturbed eruption in the upper front, with displacement of an upper central incisor, tongue dysfunction and Class III tendency. The further course revealed additional problems which had been unforeseeable at treatment onset: ankylosis of the lower left first molar and dehiscences in the lower front. Treatment duration was very long due to treatment measures overlapping. The interdisciplinary treatment measures are outlined and the difficulties posed by contractual guidelines are pointed out.
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ranking = 2.5924397900909
keywords = upper
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4/43. Large cell carcinoma of the lung metastatic to the mandibular gingiva.

    BACKGROUND: Although metastases of malignant tumors to the jaws are not unusual, metastases to the gingival soft tissues are relatively rare. methods: The clinicopathologic features of a metastatic tumor in the mandibular gingiva originating from lung cancer are described. The patient, a 61-year-old man, was admitted to the hospital with complaints of bloody sputum and chest pain while coughing. The patient's chest radiograph showed an abnormal mass in the left upper lobe. After admission, the patient noticed a swelling of the right mandibular gingiva. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis for tumors of the gingiva and the lung were performed. RESULTS: Radiographic examination did not indicate involvement of the underlying bone. The histopathological findings showed that the gingival tumor consisted of a large cell carcinoma, and the mass of the upper lobe displayed the same histology as that found in the gingiva. Immunohistochemical investigation of the gingival tumor revealed similar results to those found in the mass of the lung. Based on the clinicopathologic findings, this case was diagnosed as primary lung cancer with the gingival tumor deemed metastatic. Multiple metastases were found in areas other than the oral cavity; radiation and chemotherapy for the gingival tumor were performed due to persistent bleeding and pain. CONCLUSIONS: The resemblance of this gingival mass to an inflammatory lesion demonstrates the need for a detailed examination. This case also emphasizes the need to evaluate positive treatment needed to relieve complications in the mouth, even if the prognosis of the primary tumors remains unfavorable.
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ranking = 4.5924397900909
keywords = upper, pain
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5/43. Oral pemphigoid masquerading as necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in a child.

    BACKGROUND: Cicatricial pemphigoid (benign mucous membrane pemphigoid) is an autoimmune vesiculobullous disease that affects mucosal tissues of adults and rarely presents in children. Only 9 cases in the English literature have reported cicatricial pemphigoid in children, primarily as oral mucosal lesions. This paper presents a case of childhood cicatricial pemphigoid that clinically manifested as necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG). methods: A 9-year-old girl presented with gingival bleeding and discomfort for 2 weeks. NUG was suspected and the patient was treated with antibiotics and an oral hygiene regimen. When the condition did not improve after repeated treatment trials, routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and direct immunofluorescence examinations were performed. RESULTS: Microscopic examination of H&E stained sections showed a non-specific ulceration with chronic inflammation. Direct immunofluorescence studies of peri-lesional tissue showed linear deposition of C3 at the basement membrane zone that was consistent with a diagnosis of cicatricial pemphigoid. CONCLUSION: Cicatricial pemphigoid is an autoimmune ulcerative condition that is rarely seen in children. Immunofluorescence studies are essential to differentiate this condition from other ulcerative oral lesions.
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ranking = 157.44754947647
keywords = discomfort
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6/43. Acellular dermal matrix allograft in the treatment of mucogingival defects in children: illustrative case report.

    Mucogingival defects can occur in children and are of particular concern when orthodontic treatment is indicated. The rationale for surgical intervention is predicated on the need to repair the mucogingival defect and to establish adequate thickness of attached gingiva. The free gingival graft, usually obtained from the hard palate, is often used to increase the amount of attached gingiva. The prospect of a second surgical site, and its inherent risks and complications, which may include pain, discomfort, and bleeding, is especially undesirable in children. Important to consider is the possibility that a child may not have adequate tissue thickness at the donor site. A case report is presented utilizing the alternative soft tissue graft, Alloderm, to correct a mucogingival defect prior to orthodontic treatment. Adhering to the free gingival autograft technique, an acellular dermal matrix allograft was utilized at the graft site. The patient revealed good post-operative healing, tissue vascularization, and a healthy zone of attached gingiva at the six month follow up visit. Comparable results to the conventional autograft were obtained with less surgical time, surgical sites, and discomfort to the patient.
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ranking = 315.89509895293
keywords = discomfort, pain
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7/43. Generalized gingival hyperplasia occurring during pregnancy.

    In this report, we present a case of generalized gingival hyperplasia related to pregnancy causing chewing, speaking, breathing and cosmetic problems. The patient was a 26-year-old woman in the fourth month of her second pregnancy, with generalized gingival hyperplasia affecting both buccal and lingual aspects of the maxilla and mandible. The hyperplastic tissues, together with mobile teeth, were excised completely; no recurrence was observed for the remainder of the pregnancy. Hormonal changes occurring during pregnancy have long been known to be associated with generalized gingival hyperplasia. pregnancy does not cause the condition, but altered tissue metabolism in pregnancy accentuates the response to local irritants. This case was of clinical interest because of the extent of tissue proliferation, with the teeth in both the upper and lower jaw completely submerged.
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ranking = 1.2962198950454
keywords = upper
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8/43. Case report on a rare lesion in an hiv-infected child: hairy leukoplakia.

    This report describes a case of hairy leukoplakia in an hiv-infected child, and the treatment adopted. It was diagnosed by clinical and laboratory examinations, using exfoliative cytology (staining by the Papanicolaou method) and additional information was obtained by optical microscope analysis. In view of the lack of painful symptoms, of the innocuous nature of the lesion and large amount of medicines used by the patient, we decided to preserve and monitor the lesion.
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9/43. Multiple and synchronous peripheral giant cell granulomas of the gums.

    The presence of multiple giant cell lesions in the maxillofacial region is suggestive of hyperparathyroidism or neurofibromatosis. A case of synchronous, multiple peripheral giant cell granulomas is reported, bilaterally affecting the mandibular gums and also the upper right maxillary gingival mucosa, without concomitant systemic disease. Only 2 cases of central giant cell granulomas, and no cases of peripheral giant cell granulomas exhibiting similar characteristics, have been reported in the literature to date.
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ranking = 1.2962198950454
keywords = upper
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10/43. A rare case of gingival myiasis caused by diptera (Calliphoridae).

    myiasis was first described by hope in 1840. Since then, many cases of myiasis affecting different human organs have been reported. Oral myiasis is very rare in healthy persons but occurs mainly in the tropics and associated with inadequate public and personal hygiene. In this case report, we present clinical findings gingival myiasis. The patient was 26-year-old farmer and his chief complaint was discomfort and swelling in his maxillary gingiva. The patient's medical and family histories were non-contributory and oral hygiene was not acceptable. The diagnosis was based on the characteristic clinical features and the visual presence of wriggling larvae about 1 cm in size. The larvae were identified as Calliphoridae. Treatment consisted of removal of the maggots from the gingival sulcus, followed by scaling and oral hygiene instruction. One week later, a periodontal flap operation was done. The patient was followed-up for 6 months and healing was uneventful.
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ranking = 157.44754947647
keywords = discomfort
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