1/14. Sonographic appearance of aggressive angiomyxoma of the scrotum.Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare, locally infiltrative tumor that occurs almost exclusively in the pelvic and perineal regions of women of childbearing age. We report the unusual case of a 26-year-old man with an AAM presenting as a slowly enlarging scrotal mass. Gray-scale scrotal sonography demonstrated a well-demarcated, hypoechoic, extratesticular, extraepididymal mass with multiple thin, echogenic internal septa. The mass arose inferior to the left testicle and displaced the testicle cephalad. color Doppler sonography revealed surrounding vascularity but no Doppler signals within the mass. The testicles and epididymides demonstrated normal echogenicity and vascularity. Histologic examination of the excised mass revealed a well-demarcated, nonencapsulated lesion composed of spindle-shaped cells in a myxoid background with a prominent vascular component.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = angiomyxoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/14. Aggressive angiomyxoma of the scrotum.Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare and nonmetastasizing soft tissue tumor of the pelvis and perineum and occurs almost exclusively in adult females. It infiltrates locally and has a high risk of local recurrence. Recommended treatment of the symptomatic patient is wide excision with tumor-free margins and close postoperative monitoring. Herein, a case of aggressive angiomyxoma in an adult male is described, which arose in the scrotum over 12 months. The tumor showed an intermediate signal on T1-weighted MRI images. Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images showed good enhancement. Wide excision of the tumor was performed. The surgical specimen measured 7 x 5 x 5 cm in size and weighed 80 g. The tumor's surface was smooth and had a gelatinous cut surface. Grossly, it was encapsulated with a pleura-like membrane and had a finger-like projection. Microscopically, sections showed many walled vessels of various sizes, collagen fibrils, a loose myxoid background. and spindle stroma cells. MRI and CT showed the angiomatous and myxomatous nature of the tumor wall. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report to describe MRI findings in scrotal angiomyxoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = angiomyxoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/14. Aggressive angiomyxoma of childhood: two unusual cases developed in the scrotum.Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a locally invasive soft tissue tumor and is predominantly found in the female pelvis and perineum. The incidence of AAM in adult and adolescent males is low, and is very rare in male children. However, two cases of AAM occurred in the scrotum of 8-year-old and 1-year-old boys. Grossly, both tumors were ill-delineated nodules showing myxoid homogenous and lobulated cut surface. The scrotum of case 2 was replaced by the exuberant mass, making a polypoid appearance. On microscopic examination, both had hypocellular myxoid stroma, spindle and stellate stromal cells, and blood vessels of various calibers. Both lesions typically showed infiltrating borders and penetrated into skin adnexa and Dartos' muscle fibers. AAM should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a scrotal mass found in childhood.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = angiomyxoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/14. Aggressive angiomyxoma in the scrotum expressing androgen and progesterone receptors.Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare benign mesenchymal myxoid tumor that arises from the pelvic soft tissues and perineum in relatively young females. This tumor has the ability to infiltrate locally and has a high risk of local recurrence after extirpation, but no potential to metastasize. We report here a rare case of aggressive angiomyxoma that developed in the scrotum of a 47-year-old male. Immunostaining of the resected specimen revealed that the tumor cell nuclei stained strongly and diffusely for androgen receptors (80% of the tumor cells), and moderately and partly for progesterone receptors (20% of the tumor cells). However, staining was negative for estrogen receptors. It is highly suggested that the growth of aggressive angiomyxoma in males may depend on androgen manipulation, contrary to its frequent and close association with estrogen receptor expression, which has been reported in females.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = angiomyxoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/14. Aggressive angiomyxoma. A report of four cases occurring in men.Aggressive angiomyxoma is a distinctive, locally aggressive but nonmetastasizing soft tissue tumor of the pelvic soft tissues and perineum. This rare tumor occurs almost exclusively in adult women. We report four cases occurring in adult men, one each located in the scrotum, inguinal region, spermatic cord, and pelvis. The tumors were infiltrative, and were composed of fibromyxoid matrix sparsely populated by bland-looking spindled and stellate cells with delicate cytoplasmic processes. There were haphazardly scattered small and large blood vessels, some of which exhibited hypertrophy or hyalinization of the wall. Immunohistochemically, the stromal cells stained consistently for vimentin and variably for muscle-specific actin, but not alpha-smooth muscle actin, desmin, and S-100 protein. None of the four tumors recurred in follow-up times from 11 months to 6 years, although two previously reported cases in men recurred. This uncommon tumor occurring around the genital region in men merits wider recognition because of its potential for recurrence. It should be distinguished from benign tumors with low risk of recurrence on one hand, and from malignant myxoid tumors with metastatic potential on the other.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = angiomyxoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/14. Aggressive angiomyxoma in a child with chronic renal failure.Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare and nonmetastasizing soft-tissue tumor predominantly found in the female pelvis and perineum. It has a high risk of local recurrence. We report the unusual case of a 15-year-old boy with an AAM presenting as a slowly enlarging scrotal mass. The patient had had chronic renal failure since 1997 and had needed hemodialysis for the previous 11 months. He presented with a 12-month history of a nontender soft mass in the right scrotum. Ultrasound examination revealed a solid mass in the scrotum. After surgical resection, pathological analysis disclosed spindle-shaped neoplastic cells widely separated by a myxoid stroma rich in collagen fibers and prominent irregularly shaped blood vessels; the histological examination confirmed an AAM.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = angiomyxoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/14. Aggressive angiomyxoma of the epididymis.Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare locally invasive non-metastasizing soft tissue neoplasm that is most commonly located in the female pelvis and perineum. We report a case of aggressive angiomyxoma arising from the epididymis of a young male, which was treated by radical orchiectomy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2keywords = angiomyxoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/14. Angiomyofibroblastoma-like tumors (cellular angiofibroma).Angiomyofibroblastoma-like tumor (cellular angiofibroma) is a rare, circumscribed, slow-growing mesenchymal tumor that occurs predominantly in the vulva, perineum, and pelvis of women. We report two cases of this tumor in men arising as paratesticular masses of the scrotum, summarize the history of this tumor, and discuss why efforts should be made to differentiate it from aggressive angiomyxoma. Recommended treatment is complete surgical excision with long-term follow up exams, as local recurrence may occur many years after resection of the lesion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = angiomyxoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/14. Aggressive angiomyxoma of male genital region. Report of 4 cases with immunohistochemical evaluation including hormone receptor status.Aggressive angiomyxoma (AA), first described by Steeper and Rosai (Am J SurgPathol. 1983;7:463-475), is a rare locally infiltrative tumor that usually arises in the pelvic and perineal soft tissues of young women. Approximately 150 cases have been reported in women. Aggressive angiomyxoma has a high rate of local recurrence because of its infiltrative growth and anatomical location making complete excision with wide margins difficult. To our knowledge, 39 cases of AA occurring in men have been reported in the literature. Sites frequently involved include the scrotum, spermatic cord, inguinal region, and perineum. The gross and microscopic appearances and clinical course are similar to those described in female cases. immunohistochemistry evaluating estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR, respectively), although frequently positive in the female cases, has rarely been studied in the male cases. We report the clinicopathologic features of 4 additional cases of AA in men with particular emphasis on hormone (ER/PR) receptor status. Hormone reactivity is significant in that AA may arise from specialized hormonally responsive stromal cells of the perineum and may potentially play a therapeutic role in unresectable tumors. From our small series, hormone positivity (1 case of ER , 3 cases of PR ) does occur in the male cases of AA, and a large number of cases should be examined to determine the frequency at which these tumors express hormone receptors.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2keywords = angiomyxoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/14. Aggressive angiomyxoma in males. A report of four cases.Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare, locally infiltrative but nonmetastasizing tumor of the pelvic and perineal soft tissues that occurs almost exclusively in adult females. The authors describe four cases of AAM in adult males that arose in the scrotum. There was some histologic variation among the tumors. One case was focally hypercellular around the blood vessels, two were more densely cellular throughout, and one had cystic degeneration. Three of the tumors were widely infiltrative, and one of the four tumors recurred locally. The clinicopathologic features of these cases are similar to those of AAM occurring in females. In either sex, AAM should be distinguished from benign myxoid tumors with a low risk of local recurrence and fully malignant myxoid tumors with distant metastatic potential.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = angiomyxoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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