1/114. Gastrojejunal interposition for esophageal replacement.The main considerations in replacing the esophagus are to avoid postoperative necrosis of all or part of the graft, leakage or stenosis of the anastomoses, and complications related to acid-peptic or alkaline reflux. A 5-year-old boy, after two unsuccessful thoracic operations for atresia and then stenosis of the esophagus, underwent resection of the esophagus because of duodeno-gastroesophageal reflux. The continuity of the alimentary tract was restored by gastrojejunal interposition. We recommend this method of reconstruction when the esophago-gastrostoma is created in the chest, and the possibility of alkaline reflux must be considered.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/114. Pseudo-steroid resistant asthma.BACKGROUND: Steroid resistant asthma (SRA) represents a small subgroup of those patients who have asthma and who are difficult to manage. Two patients with apparent SRA are described, and 12 additional cases who were admitted to the same hospital are reviewed. methods: The subjects were selected from a tertiary hospital setting by review of all asthma patients admitted over a two year period. Subjects were defined as those who failed to respond to high doses of bronchodilators and oral glucocorticosteroids, as judged by subjective assessment, audible wheeze on examination, and serial peak flow measurements. RESULTS: In 11 of the 14 patients identified there was little to substantiate the diagnosis of severe or steroid resistant asthma apart from symptoms and upper respiratory wheeze. Useful tests to differentiate this group of patients from those with severe asthma appear to be: the inability to perform reproducible forced expiratory manoeuvres, normal airway resistance, and a concentration of histamine causing a 20% fall in the forced expiratory volume (FEV1) being within the range for normal subjects (PC20). Of the 14 subjects, four were health care staff and two reported childhood sexual abuse. CONCLUSION: Such patients are important to identify as they require supportive treatment which should not consist of high doses of glucocorticosteroids and beta2 adrenergic agonists. Diagnoses other than asthma, such as gastro-oesophageal reflux, hyperventilation, vocal cord dysfunction and sleep apnoea, should be sought as these may be a cause of glucocorticosteroid treatment failure and pseudo-SRA, and may respond to alternative treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.1218753848516keywords = upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/114. Laparoscopic removal of an Angelchik prosthesis.The use of Angelchik prosthetic rings for the surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease has been associated with frequent complications, including dysphagia and migration, erosion, or disruption of the ring. Although reports of the laparoscopic insertion of Angelchik rings have been published, there have been no descriptions of the laparoscopic removal of rings inserted at open laparotomy. Our group recently removed an Angelchik ring laparoscopically in an 80-year-old woman with progressive, refractory dysphagia and esophageal narrowing due to an Angelchik ring originally placed in 1981 via an upper midline incision at open operation. Upper endoscopy and dilatation had failed to provide symptom relief. An extensive adhesiolysis was performed laparoscopically, and the Angelchik ring was dissected free from the proximal stomach, diaphragm, and liver. The fibrous pseudocapsule enclosing the ring was divided, and the prosthesis was removed from around the esophagus and abdominal cavity. Intraoperative upper endoscopy confirmed resolution of the esophageal stricture. There were no intraoperative complications, and the patient was discharged home on the 3rd postoperative day tolerating a regular diet. Postoperatively, she experienced resolution of her dysphagia and complained only of mild reflux symptoms, which were easily controlled with famotidine and antireflux precautions. This case suggests that laparoscopic removal of Angelchik prosthetic rings is feasible for surgeons familiar with advanced laparoscopic procedures of the esophageal hiatus and should be considered for symptomatic patients, even if the ring was inserted via an open operation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.2437507697033keywords = upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/114. Fixed drug eruption in hands caused by omeprazole.OBJECTIVE: omeprazole is one of the most widely prescribed gastric antisecretory drugs. It is generally well tolerated and significant adverse reactions occur rarely. The objective of this report is to describe a case of fixed drug eruption that occurred during omeprazole treatment. CASE REPORT: A 37-year-old white female patient admitted with epigastric pain and heartburn symptoms. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed reflux esophagitis and the patient was given 20 mg b.i.d. omeprazole. She developed dark-red coloration on her hands, at the fourth day of treatment, which has been defined as fixed drug eruption. These lesions were attributed to treatment and recurred soon after a rechallenge with omeprazole. CONCLUSION: Fixed drug eruption is associated with many drugs but this is the first such report with omeprazole. We suggest being aware of such reactions during omeprazole usage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.9051375887344keywords = pain, upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/114. Esophageal aperistalsis following fundoplication in a patient with trisomy 21.Gastrointestinal abnormalities are frequent in patients with down syndrome (DS), gastroesophageal reflux (GER) being prominent among them. A 10-year-old boy with DS presented with progressive daily vomiting and an upper gastrointestinal study documenting reflux. A laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication was performed uneventfully. Postoperative inability to take solids was noted and a contrast study showed a tight gastroesophageal junction and poor peristalsis. Persistent symptoms were not alleviated by esophageal dilatation, despite a relaxing lower esophageal sphincter. Esophageal manometry documented complete esophageal aperistalsis. A percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was placed and the patient required long-term tube feeds. Esophageal aperistalsis is a rare condition in DS, likely superimposed on GER. fundoplication may adversely affect the already abnormal esophageal motility in these children. Esophageal manometry preoperatively will identify motility disorders and assist in selecting the best management for these patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.1218753848516keywords = upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/114. Superior mesenteric and portal vein thrombosis following laparoscopic nissen fundoplication.This case report describes superior mesenteric and portal vein thrombosis after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. As a thromboembolic prophylaxis, 2,500 IU of dalteparin was given preoperatively. After postoperative day 19, the patient experienced gradually increasing abdominal pain, mostly related to meals. physical examination and laboratory tests were normal. CT scan revealed a portal and superior mesenteric vein thrombosis. dalteparin and warfarin treatment was started, and symptoms relieved rapidly. In a control Doppler ultrasound 1 month after the onset of the treatment, a good flow in the portal and superior mesenteric vein was seen. Possible mechanisms are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5.0042027698675keywords = abdominal pain, pain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/114. liver hematoma after laparoscopic nissen fundoplication: a case report and review of retraction injuries.Laparoscopic fundoplication is a safe and effective alternative to long-term medical therapy in select patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Among the technical challenges of laparoscopic fundoplication, retraction of the left lobe of liver can cause significant morbidity. intraoperative complications from retraction injuries have been reported in the literature, but postoperative complications arising from liver retraction have not been published. The authors present a case of a symptomatic liver hematoma requiring hospital readmission for diagnosis and pain control and a review of retraction injuries.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.7832622038828keywords = pain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/114. The spectrum of pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis beyond infancy: a clinical series of 30 children.OBJECTIVES: eosinophilic esophagitis, previously confused with esophageal inflammation due to gastroesophageal reflux, has recently begun to be distinguished from it. We undertook this analysis of our large series of children with the condition to clarify its spectrum: its presenting symptoms; its relation to allergy, respiratory disease, and reflux; its endoscopic and histological findings; and its diagnosis and therapy. methods: We analyzed the details of our clinical series of 30 children with eosinophilic esophagitis, defining it as > or =5 eosinophils per high power field in the distal esophageal epithelium. Retrospective chart review was supplemented by prospective, blinded, duplicate quantitative evaluation of histology specimens, and by telephone contact with some families to clarify subsequent course. Presentation and analysis of the series as a whole is preceded by a case illustrating a typical presentation with dysphagia and recurrent esophageal food impactions. RESULTS: Presenting symptoms encompass vomiting, pain, and dysphagia (some with impactions or strictures). Allergy, particularly food allergy, is an associated finding in most patients, and many have concomitant asthma or other chronic respiratory disease. A subtle granularity with furrows or rings is newly identified as the endoscopic herald of histological eosinophilic esophagitis. Histological characteristics include peripapillary or juxtaluminal eosinophil clustering in certain cases. association with eosinophilic gastroenteritis occurs, but is not common. Differentiation from gastroesophageal reflux disease is approached by analyzing eosinophil density and response to therapeutic trials. Therapy encompasses dietary elimination and anti-inflammatory pharmacotherapy. CONCLUSION: awareness of the spectrum of eosinophilic esophagitis should promote optimal diagnosis and treatment of this elusive entity, both in children and in adults.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.7832622038828keywords = pain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/114. Sandifer's syndrome in a breast-fed infant.Sandifer's syndrome is a rare manifestation of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in children, occurring in association with abnormal movements of the head, neck, and upper part of the trunk. Out of 65 children with Sandifer's syndrome described in literature, only 2 were breast-fed. We report on a 15-day-old breast-fed girl affected by Sandifer's syndrome. Pathological GER was diagnosed with 24 h pH esophageal monitoring. In our patient, all the symptoms of Sandifer's syndrome disappeared when she was cow's milk formula-fed. The role of food allergy to dietary proteins ingested by a lactating mother is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.1218753848516keywords = upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/114. zollinger-ellison syndrome. Clinical presentation in 261 patients.We prospectively evaluated the initial presenting symptoms in 261 patients with zollinger-ellison syndrome (ZES) over a 25-year period. Twenty-two percent of the patients had multiple endocrine neoplasia-type 1 (MEN-1) with ZES. Mean age at onset was 41.1 /- 0.7 years, with MEN-1 patients presenting at a younger age than those with sporadic ZES (p < 0.0001). Three percent of the patients had onset of the disease < age 20 years, and 7% > 60 years. A mean delay to diagnosis of 5.2 /- 0.4 years occurred in all patients. A shorter duration of symptoms was noted in female patients and in patients with liver metastases. abdominal pain and diarrhea were the most common symptoms, present in 75% and 73% of patients, respectively. heartburn and weight loss, which were uncommonly reported in early series, were present in 44% and 17% of patients, respectively. Gastrointestinal bleeding was the initial presentation in a quarter of the patients. patients rarely presented with only 1 symptom (11%); pain and diarrhea was the most frequent combination, occurring in 55% of patients. An important presenting sign that should suggest ZES is prominent gastric body folds, which were noted on endoscopy in 94% of patients; however, esophageal stricture and duodenal or pyloric scarring, reported in numerous case reports, were noted in only 4%-10%. patients with MEN-1 presented less frequently with pain and bleeding and more frequently with nephrolithiasis. Comparing the clinical presentation before the introduction of histamine H2-receptor antagonists (pre-1980, n = 36), after the introduction of histamine H2-receptor antagonists (1981-1989, n = 118), and after the introduction of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (> 1990, n = 106) demonstrates no change in age of onset; delay in diagnosis; frequency of pain, diarrhea, weight loss; or frequency of complications of severe peptic disease (bleeding, perforations, esophageal strictures, pyloric scarring). Since the introduction of histamine H2-receptor antagonists, fewer patients had a previous history of gastric acid-reducing surgery or total gastrectomy. Only 1 patient evaluated after 1980 had a total gastrectomy, and this was done in 1977. The location of the primary tumor in general had a minimal effect on the clinical presentation, causing no effect on the age at presentation, delay in diagnosis, frequency of nephrolithiasis, or severity of disease (strictures, perforations, peptic ulcers, pyloric scarring). Disease extent had a minimal effect on symptoms, with only bleeding being more frequent in patients with localized disease. patients with advanced disease presented at a later age and with a shorter disease history (p = 0.001), were less likely to have MEN-1 (p = 0.0087), and tended to have diarrhea more frequently (p = 0.079). A correct diagnosis of ZES was made by the referring physician initially in only 3% of the patients. The most common misdiagnosis made were idiopathic peptic ulcer disease (71%), idiopathic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (7%), and chronic idiopathic diarrhea (7%). Other less common misdiagnosis were crohn disease (2%) and various diarrhea diseases (celiac sprue [3%], irritable bowel syndrome [3%], infectious diarrhea [2%], and lactose intolerance [1%]). Other medical disorders were present in 55% of all patients; patients with sporadic disease had fewer other medical disorders than patients with MEN-1 (45% versus 90%, p < 0.00001). hyperparathyroidism and a previous history of kidney stones were significantly more frequent in patients with MEN-1 than in those with sporadic ZES. Pulmonary disorders and other malignancies were also more common in patients with MEN-1. These results demonstrate that abdominal pain, diarrhea, and heartburn are the most common presenting symptoms in ZES and that heartburn and diarrhea are more common than previously reported. The presence of weight loss especially with abdominal pain, diarrhea, or heartburn is an important clue suggesting the presence of gastrinoma. The presence of prominent gastric body folds, a clinical sign that has not been appreciated, is another important clue to the diagnosis of ZES. patients with MEN-1 presented at an earlier age; however, in general, the initial symptoms were similar to patients without MEN-1. gastrinoma extent and location have minimal effects on the clinical presentation. overall, neither the introduction of successful antisecretory therapy nor widespread publication about ZES, attempting to increase awareness, has shortened the delay in diagnosis or reduced the incidence of patients presenting with peptic complications. The introduction of successful antisecretory therapy, however, has dramatically decreased the rate of surgery in controlling the acid secretion and likely led to patients presenting with less severe symptoms and fewer complications. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 17.141454355266keywords = abdominal pain, pain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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