1/113. diagnosis of microfilaria in gastric brush cytology. A case report. BACKGROUND: filariasis due to wuchereria bancrofti is endemic to southern asia. While the laboratory diagnosis has been conventionally made by demonstrating microfilariae in peripheral blood smears, these have also been occasionally diagnosed on aspiration cytology of various organs. CASE: A 54-year-old male presented with a burning sensation in the epigastrium of five months' duration. Endoscopic brush biopsy revealed numerous sheathed microfilariae of W bancrofti. The patient had had no symptoms suggestive of filarial infection in the past. Cytology revealed numerous microfilariae among lymphocytes and neutrophils. CONCLUSION: This case illustrates that a thorough examination of gastric brushings can at times reveal unexpected findings and may prove to be a useful supplement to endoscopic biopsy. ( info) |
2/113. Bancroftian filariasis. An autochthonous case in zambia. The first report of an autochthonous case of Wuchereira bancrofti in zambia is presented. Observations are made on the diagnostic features of the microfilatiae particularly in relation to their periodicity and aggulutination in sequestrinated blood. The criteria used to identify the worms in section and the problems in diagnosis are outlined. Though imported cases have also been diagnosed it is considered that bancroftian filariasis is probably endemic. Further comprehensive investigations are recommended in ecologically transmissable areas. ( info) |
3/113. Retroperitoneoscopic nephrolympholysis and ureterolysis for management of intractable filarial chyluria. PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of retroperitoneoscopic lymphatic disconnection in patients with intractable filarial chyluria with the aim of reducing the morbidity of the surgery. patients AND methods: Two patients presented to us with intractable chyluria. They did not respond to conservative measures and endoscopic sclerotherapy. In view of the severe lipid and protein loss associated with recurrent bouts of chyluria, they merited surgical correction by lymphatic disconnection. Because this operation requires extensive mobilization within the retroperitoneum over a large area, it necessitates a large flank or midline incision. In order to reduce the incision-related morbidity, it was decided to undertake the procedure laparoscopically. The retroperitoneal route was chosen for its obvious advantages. RESULTS: Surgery was carried out uneventfully in both patients, with a mean operating time of 2 hours. The patients stayed in the hospital for an average of 2.5 days. Chyluria resolved in the immediate postoperative period, and they have been asymptomatic over a follow-up of 30 and 18 months. One patient had drainage of lymph for 5 days, which resolved spontaneously. CONCLUSIONS: The objectives of open surgery can be achieved by the minimally invasive approach of retroperitoneoscopy. The new approach significantly reduces the incision-related morbidity without compromising the principles of open surgery. We propose five important steps necessary to avoid recurrence and reduce postoperative morbidity. ( info) |
| filariasis is a world health problem that is frequently seen in tropical and subtropical countries. In endemic areas, the clinical spectrum of extremity swelling, lymphangitis, or elephantiasis is usually recognized as filariasis. In the united states, diagnosis of the disease may be more difficult because of lack of familiarity with this infection. We present a case of filaremic arthropathy of the ankle joint and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of this disease. It is the first reported case of MRI findings in a human patient. MRI has been done on animal models with filariasis, and the findings are similar. ( info) |
| An adult worm was isolated from the left upper eyelid of a man, eight years after he had left an area in which L loa is endemic. We described his case in order to draw attention to some differences between reported features of the disease in areas in which the worm is endemic and in areas in which it is not. ( info) |
6/113. Recovery of a species of brugia, probably B. ceylonensis, from the conjunctiva of a patient in sri lanka. A species of brugia, probably B. ceylonensis, was recovered from the conjunctiva of a patient in sri lanka for the first time. This infection represents only the second record of brugia in the human conjunctiva, and is clearly zoonotic, acquired from a dog. brugia ceylonensis has a distinct head bulb like that of wuchereria bancrofti and B. malayi. However, the parasite recovered was not W. bancrofti, as specific IFAT and dna probes gave negative results, and B. malayi is believed to have been eradicated from sri lanka several years ago. The presence of a distinct head bulb excludes the possibility that the parasite was B. buckleyi. ( info) |
| Bancroftian filariasis is a tropical disease transmitted by mosquitoes that most often causes lymphadenitis. This article reports on a breast nodule due to wuchereria bancrofti in a woman living in new caledonia. The diagnosis was done by fine needle aspiration, which showed several microfilariae and avoided surgical treatment. ( info) |
8/113. New human Dirofilarioses in hungary. About ten cases of filariosis have recently been recorded in the Hungarian medical literature, six of them caused by dirofilaria repens. Dirofilaria repensis a mosquito-transmitted filaroid worm in the subcutaneous tissue of dogs and cats in the temperate areas of the Old World. It accidentally infects man, too, and can remain unidentified due to physicians, poor knowledge of the parasite. In the last two years six new Dirofilaria repensinfections have been found in various parts of the country: five localised dermally and one in the deep tissues. Two of the cases might have been acquired in italy during summer travels. Four patients, however, have never been abroad, these cases must be considered autochtonous infections. The thickness of the multilayered cuticle of the worm, diameter of the body and the size, form and number of the longitudinal ridges on its surface are used in the histological diagnosis of the the parasite. ( info) |
| An unusual presentation of filariasis as a breast lump simulating breast carcinoma, in a 50 year old woman residing in Pokhara, nepal. The case was reported on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and also evaluated by histopathology. Morphology of the nematode is that of brugia species which is unusual in nepal. ( info) |
10/113. Microfilariae in association with neoplastic lesions: report of five cases. Microfilariae and adult filarial worms have occasionally been detected in association with neoplastic lesions in cytological smears. The presence of microfilariae along with neoplasms is generally regarded as a chance association, yet some authors suggest that such parasitic infestations may be a causative factor for tumourigenesis. There are only a few reported cases in cytology literature documenting this association. We report the presence of microfilariae in routine cytology smears from one benign and four malignant tumours. Microfilariae could not be identified on histopathology available in four of these cases. ( info) |