1/12. Exposure of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene-wrapped hydroxyapatite orbital implant: a report of two patients.PURPOSE: Hydroxyapatite (HA) spheres used to replace volume after an enucleation are often wrapped with autologous tissue before orbital implantation. Man-made materials are less expensive and pose no risk for viral transmission. The use of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) to wrap HA spheres was evaluated. methods: The medical records of 2 consecutive patients who underwent uncomplicated implantation of an HA sphere wrapped in ePTFE were reviewed. RESULTS: An unusual reaction to the ePTFE material that was nonresponsive to topical or systemic antibiotic therapy developed in these 2 patients. Eventual wound erosion and bacterial infection of the implant necessitated its removal. CONCLUSIONS: Although well tolerated in other surgeries, ePTFE, when used to wrap HA spheres and placed into the orbit, may cause persistent conjunctival discharge, pyogenic granuloma formation, and eventual wound erosion. Therefore, the use of this material to wrap HA spheres is not recommended.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/12. Combined coliform and anaerobic infection of the lacrimal sac.A case is reported of combined coliform and anaerobic bacterial infection of the lacrimal sac, a condition of which there is only one other published case report. In addition, a literature review is presented of the bacteriology of acute dacryocystitis as it applies to this case. Recommendations for the microbiological investigation and management of acute dacryocystitis are made.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/12. Chronic postoperative endophthalmitis caused by propionibacterium acnes.Persistent intraocular inflammation after cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation is acquiring importance. Frequently, chronic uveitis or the "toxic lens syndrome" have to be differentiated from bacterial infection. This report describes five cases with chronic postoperative endophthalmitis where the anaerobic bacterium propionibacterium acnes was found to be the causative organism. Adequate anaerobic culture media and proper sampling from the area around the lens haptics are the most important requirements for the detection of P. acnes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/12. Fourth-generation fluoroquinolones in the treatment of mycobacterial infectious keratitis after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis surgery.Case report: Infectious keratitis after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is a rare complication that may be challenging to diagnose and treat. We discuss some of the reasons for difficulties diagnosing postoperative atypical or nontuberculous mycobacterial infection and establishing an effective treatment, with reference to reports of comparative antibacterial activity of the most commonly used antibiotics.Comments: To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to report the use of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone moxifloxacin in combination therapy for the successful treatment of this condition.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/12. Fulminant pseudomonal keratitis and scleritis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection are predisposed to fungal, parasitic, and viral infections. Bacterial infection can also be seen, although ocular bacterial infections have not been reported in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome until recently. We present two cases of Pseudomonas corneoscleritis and one case of Pseudomonas keratitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection that failed to respond to antibiotic treatment. Predisposing factors included extended-wear soft contact lens use in one patient and exposure secondary to Bell's palsy in another patient. All three patients had neutropenia that may have contributed to their poor response to treatment. Enucleation was required to treat two patients with overwhelming infection. Enucleation has been rarely required for treatment of corneoscleritis in immunocompetent patients treated at our institution. Pseudomonas keratitis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients represents a serious ocular infection requiring early diagnosis and aggressive treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/12. A case report of mycobacterium chelonae keratitis and a review of mycobacterial infections of the eye and orbit.Mycobacteria are unusual causes of keratitis and other ocular infections but the outcome of infection is often serious. We report a case of keratitis due to mycobacterium chelonae, a rapidly growing environmental mycobacterium, in a soft contact-lens wearer, and discuss the difficulty and delay in identifying the organism, twice erroneously identified as nocardia asteroides on morphological grounds. Despite in vitro susceptibility, the response to anti-bacterial agents was negligible and a second keratoplasty was required after a recurrence of disease at the donor-host junction. We review the role of mycobacteria as the cause of keratitis and other forms of ocular disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/12. endophthalmitis induced by atypical mycobacterial infection.Granulomatous uveitis induced by mycobacterium tuberculosis infection has been less frequently encountered over the last 20 years. Differential diagnosis of M. tuberculosis and other atypical mycobacteria is nevertheless of particular interest in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndromes. We present the case of a 60-year-old man who was referred to our clinic because of therapy-refractive endophthalmitis. Diagnostic vitrectomy including microbiological examination as well as further extensive serological examinations did not reveal any further information on the etiology. Despite intensive anti-inflammatory treatment, the eye became blind and developed secondary glaucoma. Evisceration of the globe had to be performed. Histopathological examination showed a granulomatous inflammation without the tuberculosis-typical development of central caseous necrosis. Further molecular pathological investigations had to be performed with regard to differential diagnostic aspects. By means of the polymerase chain reaction we could detect mycobacterial gene sequences that corresponded to atypical mycobacteria. The diagnosis of atypical mycobacterial infection was confirmed Molecular-genetics examination techniques, especially those involving the polymerase chain reaction, will become more important in routine histopathological examination. These techniques can be performed on paraffin-fixed or formalin-embedded material for further differential diagnostic considerations.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/12. Atypical mycobacterial infection of the orbit.PURPOSE: To describe the clinical presentation and successful management of an orbital infection caused by Mycobacterium abscessus, a formerly unrecognized cause of orbital disease after penetrating trauma. methods: An orbital infection due to M. abscessus is described, and previously reported ocular and extraophthalmic infections caused by M. abscessus are reviewed. RESULTS: A 5-year-old boy had acute, painless visual loss shortly after being struck in his left lower eyelid with a fishing rod. Radiologic evaluation established a mass in the orbital apex. Initial biopsy and cultures of the apex mass were negative; however, additional orbital exploration and cultures demonstrated M. abscessus to be the causative organism. The orbital infection was treated successfully with long-term oral clarithromycin. review of the literature on ocular/adnexal and soft tissue infections caused by atypical mycobacteria shows characteristic clinical and histopathologic features. CONCLUSIONS: To the authors' knowledge, only seven patients with atypical mycobacterial infections of the ocular adnexa have been reported. The patient reported in the current study illustrates the difficulty in establishing the preoperative diagnosis of atypical mycobacterial infections of the orbit. A chronic draining wound or a localized orbital abscess, after penetrating trauma, should alert the physician to the possibility of an M. abscessus infection. clarithromycin, an oral macrolide antibiotic, appears to be the most effective medical therapy for these patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/12. chorioretinitis secondary to mycobacterium tuberculosis in acquired immune deficiency syndrome.BACKGROUND: Several opportunistic intraocular infections have been described in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus, among them infections caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. In most cases, the diagnosis is based on clinical findings. Recent reports have described the usefulness of polymerase chain reaction techniques in the diagnosis of bacterial infections. methods: The authors observed a 29-year-old woman with acquired immune deficiency syndrome in whom unilateral chorioretinitis developed. The chorioretinitis appeared after cessation of treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis. We obtained aqueous humor by paracentesis and tested it by polymerase chain reaction to detect M. tuberculosis dna. RESULTS: The polymerase chain reaction of the aqueous humor was positive for M. tuberculosis dna. CONCLUSION: polymerase chain reaction was useful in identifying M. tuberculosis in aqueous from a patient with chorioretinitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, and acquired immune deficiency syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/12. Clinical experiences of infectious scleral ulceration: a complication of pterygium operation.AIMS: To report the special clinical manifestations and determine the appropriate management of infectious scleral ulceration. methods: A retrospective study was performed on 30 eyes with infectious scleral ulceration. Information was recorded on patients' age, onset and course of disease, pathogenic organism, clinical presentations, methods of diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. RESULTS: 10 cases (33.3%) were accompanied by corneal involvement. Subconjunctival abscess was noted in 16 cases (53.3%). 17 cases (56.7%) gave positive results of pathogen culture and all were pseudomonas aeruginosa. Two cases had combined bacterial infections and one case was complicated by fungal infection. A total of 26 cases had surgical debridement in this series. Extensive involvement of the sclera with the presence of a 'tunnel lesion' or a 'satellite subconjunctival abscess' were found during debridement. All of the eyeballs involved were salvaged except one. CONCLUSION: The results of this study were contrary to the poor prognosis presented in previous reports. Early and repetitive surgical debridement is believed to be mandatory in the intractable cases to shorten the admission period and to save these eyes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |