1/7. Human herpesvirus-6 associated encephalitis with subsequent infantile spasms and cerebellar astrocytoma.A 14-month-old girl presented after 3 days of fever, floppiness, and diffuse urticarial exanthem. She developed encephalitis and carditis and 1 week later, intractable seizures. Initial CT and MRI showed no changes in the brain parenchyma. On days 14 and 34 after the onset of symptoms, a human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) genome in cerebrospinal fluid was identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Convulsions became more frequent and 11 weeks from the onset, they changed to typical infantile spasms with hypsarrhythmic electroencephalogram. She gradually lost her social contact and ability to walk and sit. Eleven months after the primary infection, a repeated MRI of the brain revealed a cystic tumour of 2 cm in diameter near the vermis. The tumour was surgically removed, and shown to be a pilocytic astrocytoma on histopathological examination. HHV-6 dna was detected by PCR in new tumour tissue. This is the first reported case of HHV-6 encephalitis associated with carditis, infantile spasms, and a subsequent brain tumour containing the HHV-6 genome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/7. Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6)-associated hemophagocytic syndrome.Virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS) is characterized by histiocytic proliferation and phagocytosis triggered by virus infections. viruses in the herpes group, especially the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are well known to cause VAHS; however, the relationship between this syndrome and human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection has rarely been reported. In this study, we describe a 23-month-old girl who exhibited typical manifestations of VAHS associated with HHV-6 infection. To the best of our knowledge, this case is the fifth reported case in the English literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/7. HHV-8- and EBV-associated nonepidermotrophic large B-cell lymphoma presenting as a foot rash in a man with AIDS.Human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8; Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) is frequently identified in tumor tissue obtained from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), or multicentric Castleman's disease. The association between HHV-8 and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated solid lymphomas is less clear. Herein, I describe the case of a man with a CD4 count of 30 cells/microL, and hiv viral load of 90,000 copies/mL, multi-drug resistant hiv infection, and limited stage KS. biopsy of a progressive dorsal foot rash revealed a dense, deep, lymphoid infiltrate that extended into papillary dermis but without epidermotrophism. microscopy showed a homogeneous population of anaplastic large B cells that stained positive for CD20 (L26), CD30, and lambda light chain. in situ hybridization of tumor tissue identified Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded rna, and polymerase chain reaction amplification yielded HHV-8-specific gene products. Staging studies did not reveal lymphoma elsewhere, and the patient began chemotherapy, but died from septic complications. autopsy was notable only for the presence of a consolidative pneumonia. Although extranodal presentations are common in the setting of immunodeficiency, reports of AIDS-associated lymphoma presenting as a nonepidermotrophic foot lesion are rare. Such a presentation serves to broaden the differential of skin and foot lesions in the setting of hiv infection. More importantly, this case provides further support that HHV-8 can be associated with solid lymphomas that have an anaplastic large cell morphology.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.4keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/7. Varicella infection in a pediatric AIDS patient presenting as umbilicated papules.An 8-year-old girl with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presented with fever and alteration of consciousness. She had a history of persistent cryptococcal meningitis. She developed multiple discrete umbilicated papules that resembled cutaneous cryptococcosis on the second day of admission. skin biopsy revealed an ulcer with a wedge-shaped necrosis of the dermis. The edge of the ulcer showed intracellular edema, margination of nucleoplasm and multinucleated cells, consistent with herpes infection. The diagnosis of varicella-zoster virus infection was confirmed by the identification of herpesvirus dna from the lesion and differentiation from other herpesviruses by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. Intravenous acyclovir was given at a dose of 500 mg/m2, three times daily for 14 days which resulted in resolution of the skin lesions within 2 weeks.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.4keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/7. DRESS syndrome in a patient on sulfasalazine for rheumatoid arthritis.DRESS (Drug Rash with eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) is a drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome that can mimic malignant lymphoma. We report a case in a 63-year-old woman who had been on sulfasalazine for 2 months to treat rheumatoid arthritis. She was admitted a few days after onset of a flu-like syndrome with a pruriginous maculopapular erythema initially involving the face, trunk, and proximal limbs; a fever of 41 degrees C; and enlargement of the liver, spleen, and several peripheral lymph nodes. blood tests showed marked eosinophilia (9300/mm3), lymphocytosis, hyperbasophilic cells, and severe inflammation. DRESS syndrome was diagnosed. An indirect immunofluorescence assay for human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) was positive, supporting recent HHV6 infection. Primary HHV6 infection and HHV6 reactivation have been incriminated in the genesis of DRESS syndrome. DRESS syndrome continues to carry a high mortality rate of about 10%. Drugs previously reported to cause DRESS syndrome include sulfasalazine, hydantoin, d-penicillamine, allopurinol, hydrochlorothiazide, and cyclosporine. A high index of suspicion for DRESS syndrome should be maintained in patients receiving these drugs. Serological tests for HHV6 should be performed routinely in patients with suspected DRESS syndrome, although uncertainty persists about the link between HHV6 infection and DRESS syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/7. A relapsing inflammatory syndrome and active human herpesvirus 8 infection.We describe an immunocompetent 61-year-old woman who was negative for human immunodeficiency virus and who had recurrent human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection associated with a relapsing systemic inflammatory syndrome characterized by fever, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, edema, arthrosynovitis, and rash. Kaposi's sarcoma developed 10 months after the initial clinical presentation. A correlation was documented between the recurrent clinical manifestations and the HHV-8 load in plasma and peripheral-blood mononuclear cells. Histologic examination of an enlarged lymph node heavily infected with HHV-8 revealed an atypical lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by paracortical hyperplasia and collapsed primary and secondary follicles.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/7. Vesicular lesions in adults due to echovirus 11 infections.Echovirus 11 was recovered from vesicular lesions in two adults. Patient 1 had a severe disseminated vesicular exanthem. Patient 2 had a mild vesicular enanthem. Both were clinically suspected of having herpesvirus hominis lesions. Serologic studies indicate that these viruses were similar to each other and also to the "U" prime strain.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |