1/57. citrobacter koseri meningitis in a special care baby unit.An outbreak of meningitis due to citrobacter koseri in a special care baby unit is described. The organism showed a high capacity for spread among the babies on the unit and although the intestinal carriage rate was high, the clinical case:carrier ratio was low.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/57. Enterobacter sakazakii brain abscess in the neonate: the importance of neuroradiologic imaging.BACKGROUND: Enterobacter sakazakii is a rare but important cause of life-threatening neonatal sepsis and meningitis complicated by the development of brain abscess. OBJECTIVE: Given the neurotropic qualities of this organism, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial as a poor prognosis follows brain abscess formation. MATERIALS AND methods: Cross-sectional imaging (CT and MRI) play an important role in the diagnostic work-up. CONCLUSION: A biopsy-proven case of E. sakazakii brain abscess, which was diagnosed on MR images, is presented, and the importance of prompt radiologic imaging of the central nervous system in the work-up of patients with this life-threatening disease is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/57. adult citrobacter freundii meningitis: case report.Citrobacter is a distinct group of Gram-negative bacilli belonging to the enterobacteriaceae family. central nervous system (CNS) infections due to Citrobacter are uncommon, though they occur more frequently in neonates and young children. In adults, Citrobacter meningitis is extremely unusual with only 6 cases reported in the literature before 1998. This rare CNS infection has been seen in patients with head trauma, following neurosurgical procedures, and in those who are immunocompromised. Of the patients in the 6 reported cases, only one developed multi-antibiotic resistant Citrobacter CNS infection. Adding to this small number of reported cases, we report an adult case of post-neurosurgical meningitis and subdural empyema caused by multi-antibiotic resistant citrobacter freundii and also review the literature related to this infection. Antimicrobial therapy with imipenem and third-generation cephalosporins failed to result in cerebrospinal fluid sterilization in our patient. Because of the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, multi-antibiotic resistant Citrobacter species have developed in this nosocomial CNS infection and now present a therapeutic challenge. Therefore, further clinical studies are needed to determine updated therapeutic modalities for treating this life-threatening infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/57. Citrobacter diversus urosepsis and cerebral abscess in a child with antenatal hydronephrosis.One percent of all pregnancies are found to have an antenatal abnormality; of these, 20% involve the genitourinary system. Today, controversy still exists regarding the postnatal management of some antenatal abnormalities detected by ultrasound. We present a case in which antenatal hydronephrosis initially detected by ultrasound appeared to resolve in utero. Postnatally, the child developed Citrobacter diversus urosepsis, meningitis, and cerebral abscess. Voiding cystourethrogram obtained after resolution of sepsis revealed grade IV reflux. This case underscores the importance of a full postnatal evaluation for all children with antenatal hydronephrosis and alerts clinicians to a virulent pathogen not commonly associated with urinary tract infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/57. Citrobacter sepsis and severe newborn respiratory failure supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.An infant with fulminant Citrobacter sepsis and respiratory failure is presented. The severity of respiratory failure and the need for systemic heparinization on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation delayed the opportunity of initial lumbar puncture to rule out meningitis. The infant was successfully treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and long-term antibiotics. Repeated cranial computed tomography scans remained negative for intracerebral abscesses, and the infant is within normal limits for growth, neurologic status, and developmental status.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/57. CSF interleukin-6 in neonatal Citrobacter ventriculitis after meningitis.An infant with neonatal severe citrobacter koseri (formerly Citrobacter diversus) meningoencephalitis developed necrosis with multicystic regression of both hemispheres. The ventriculitis persisted over months in spite of antibiotic therapy.The treatment succeeded with cefotaxime in a high dose (300 mg/kg/day) without surgical intervention.The infant had been previously treated with cefotaxime (200 mg/kg/day) over 5 weeks. High levels of CSF interleukin-6 (IL-6) permitted to attribute persisting CSF pleocytosis in spite of sterile CSF cultures to chronic infection and not to reminiscence of brain necrosis. This report reveals two main points. On the one hand, the importance of therapy monitoring with IL-6 in CSF for the consequent treatment of Citrobacter meningitis and on the other hand, high-dose cefotaxime (300 mg/kg/day) treatment of Citrobacter ventriculitis, which succeeded without surgical intervention.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/57. Citrobacter diversus endocarditis.Citrobacter species are motile Gram-negative bacilli that cause disease in humans, such as urinary tract infection, pneumonia, superficial and deep wound infections, gastroenteritis, meningitis, bacteremia, and rarely endocarditis. In those cases of endocarditis, intravenous drug use has been associated with Citrobacter species. Gram-negative organisms are present in less than 10% of cases of endocarditis in intravenous drug users. We present a case of tricuspid valve endocarditis in an intravenous drug user caused by Citrobacter diversus alone.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/57. Enterobacter sakazakii infections among neonates, infants, children, and adults. case reports and a review of the literature.Enterobacter sakazakii can cause serious infections especially among the very young and the elderly. It continues to be more common among neonates and infants than adults. Its tropism for the central nervous system in neonates and infants remains a mystery. Among neonates and infants, E. sakazakii has a propensity to cause meningitis resulting in ventriculitis, brain abscess or cyst formation, and development of hydrocephalus requiring ventricular-peritoneal shunt. Computed tomography of the head is therefore useful in following patients with E. sakazakii meningitis. mortality and morbidity of E. sakazakii meningitis is high, and virtually all patients recovering from the central nervous system infection suffered mental and physical developmental delays. The case-fatality rate decreased among patients with meningitis treated with the third-generation cephalosporins. Most adults with E. sakazakii infection had serious underlying diseases and 50% of the adults with the infection had malignancies. However there has never been a known case of meningitis. Increasing antibiotic resistance among Enterobacter species should lead one to consider using the carbapenems or the newer cephalosporins in combination with a second agent such as an aminoglycoside. Limited data suggest that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole may be a useful agent in the treatment of infections caused by the Enterobacter species, especially in view of the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases capable of inactivating the cephalosporins and extended-spectrum penicillin.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/57. Enterobacter sakazakii infection in the newborn.Enterobacter sakazakii, a Gram-negative bacillus, previously known as "yellow pigmented enterobacter cloacae", is a rare cause of neonatal infection. We describe the detailed clinical presentation of two cases in whom E. sakazakii was isolated in our neonatal service during the course of 1 mo. These include one case of sepsis and meningitis complicated by cerebral infarction, and one case of sepsis. In addition, three cases of intestinal colonization were identified. The source of the organism was thoroughly sought and was found to be a blender in the milk kitchen that was used for preparation of the reconstituted powdered milk formula. CONCLUSION: Our paper adds clinical and laboratory information about the disease spectrum caused by this relatively rare organism and emphasizes the importance of a thorough search for the source of the infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/57. Fatal septicemia and meningitis due to morganella morganii in a patient with Hodgkin's disease.A unique case of spontaneous morganella morganii meningitis in a patient with stage IV Hodgkin's disease, following hematogenous spread from the urinary tract, is described. Late initiation of appropriate antibiotic treatment was probably responsible for the fatal outcome. This case illustrates the pathogenic potential of M. morganii in immunocompromised hosts.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |