Cases reported "Embolism"

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1/94. Cerebral and renal embolization after lymphography in a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma: case report.

    An unusual case of lipid embolization to brain and kidney after lymphography in a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the upper anterior mediastinum is reported. Contrast material-enhanced echocardiography demonstrated a right-to-left shunt to the left atrium without evidence of a patent foramen ovale. Echo contrast particles were transiently present within the tumor surrounding the great vessels.
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2/94. Diagnostic and surgical approach of innominate artery saddle embolus.

    patients with an acute arterial occlusion of the right upper extremity and absent axillary pulse should have a Doppler scan examination before a balloon catheter embolectomy is performed. If there is no arterial pulse detectable, an angiography should be performed afterwards to localize the embolus. In the case of a proximal arterial occlusion of the right arm, the authors recommend this procedure to prevent an embolus dislocation by catheter embolectomy and subsequent cerebral embolization. For direct surgical embolectomy the authors recommend a supraclavicular incision.
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3/94. renal artery embolism: therapy with intra-arterial streptokinase infusion.

    Two patients with acute renal artery embolism were reported. One patient had a history of rheumatic valvular heart disease and the other patient had hereditary cardiomyopathy. Both patients had atrial fibrillation on physical examination. Both patients presented with acute back pain and one patient had hematuria. The final diagnosis of acute renal artery embolism was made after one to three days of hospitalization and renal angiography was finally done documenting complete occlusion of the main branch of the renal artery on one side. Intra-arterial streptokinase infusion 5,000 unit per hour was given to both patients using an arterial pump for 17 hours to 30 hours with complete recanalization of the intrarenal branches and complete recovery of signs and symptoms of renal artery embolism although the renal scan still showed diminished renal function.
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ranking = 3.974116697475
keywords = back pain, back
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4/94. gangrene following intra-arterial injection of procaine penicillin.

    Irreversible ischaemic gangrene of the upper limb developed in a one-year-old child after an unintentional intra-arterial injection of procaine penicillin. The hand needed amputation. Arterial embolization phenomenon along with intense vasospasm appears to have been responsible for this rare complication. Unintentional intra-arterial injection of penicillin intended for intra-muscular use may lead to disastrous consequences. Regional tissue necrosis has been described previously but ischaemia leading to gangrene of an extremity has not been reported. The following is a case report of a child who developed such a gangrene in his hand which had to be amputated.
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5/94. Disconnection of a venous Port-A-Cath followed by embolization after saline flush: rare case report.

    A 77-year-old man presented with painful swelling of his Port-A-Cath insertion site soon after flushing with normal saline. No discomfort or abnormality was found during the saline flush. A chest roentgenogram showed that the disconnected catheter had separated from the disc and was absent from its original location. The disconnected catheter was found embolized, by chest roentgenogram and CT scan, to the right atrium and hepatic vein. The patient was treated successfully with an X-ray guided extraction of the catheter. The possibility of catheter disconnection with embolization should be considered and a chest roentgenogram performed immediately in cases of rapid swelling of subcutaneous tissue around the port chamber after fluid infusion.
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ranking = 3.0293266419571
keywords = chest
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6/94. Intraoperative acute occlusion of aortic bifurcation during extracorporeal circulation.

    A 36-year-old male patient showed a significant decrease of arterial pressure in the lower extremities during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with extracorporeal circulation (ECC). arterial pressure measured in the femoral artery fell to 10-20 mmHg at the end of ECC, whereas in the upper extremities arterial pressure levels were normal. At the end of the surgery a complete ischemia of both lower extremities was observed. We suspected Leriche's syndrome and performed a successful aortic embolectomy through bilateral femoral arteriotomies immediately. An insufficient anticoagulation could be excluded by prolonged "activated clotting time" (ACT), therefore we presumed that the source of embolus was a small aneurysm of the left ventricle. The shape and superficial structure of the extracted embolus, which was partly covered with endocardium, confirmed our suspicion. No complications occurred throughout the postoperative period. On the 10th postoperative day, the patient left our department for postoperative rehabilitation with a normal perfusion of the lower extremities.
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7/94. Temporary uniocular blindness and ophthalmoplegia associated with a mandibular block injection. A case report.

    A mandibular block injection produced temporary uniocular blindness, total ophthalmoplegia, mydriasis, and ptosis of the eyelid, with diplopia developing as the sight returned. These effects lasted 25-30 minutes. The explanation offered as to the cause of the anaesthetic phenomenon is an intra-arterial injection into the maxillary artery with backflow of anaesthetic solution into the middle meningeal artery. The instantaneous blindness results from the anaesthetic agent being carried into the central artery of the retina through an anastomosis of the ophthalmic and middle meningeal arteries via the recurrent meningeal branch of the lacrimal artery. Although of short duration, the symptoms mimic a more serious carotid artery embolus occluding the ophthalmic artery. Complications of mandibular blocks have been reported in the literature, however total blindness and ophthalmoplegia are extremely rare. This case report highlights an event where individual anatomical variation of the maxillary and middle meningeal arteries has allowed anaesthetic solution to be delivered to an ectopic site.
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keywords = back
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8/94. Acute-onset nontraumatic paraplegia in childhood: fibrocartilaginous embolism or acute myelitis?

    Fibrocartilaginous embolus causing acute spinal cord infarction is a rare cause of acute-onset paraplegia or quadriplegia. Few cases of survivors have been reported in the neurosurgical literature, with most reports involving postmortem or biopsy findings. There is little information on MRI findings in such patients. We present the youngest patient ever reported, and discuss the important differences between fibrocartilaginous embolus and acute myelitis of childhood. A 6-year-old girl with a history of back pain presented with sudden-onset nontraumatic paraplegia, with a clinical anterior spinal artery syndrome. Initial MRI scan revealed intervertebral disc disease at L1-2 and an incidental thoracic syrinx, but no cause for her acute-onset paraplegia was identified. cerebrospinal fluid and other investigations were all negative. Sequential MRI scans revealed development of spinal cord expansion from T10 to the conus medullaris, with increased cord signal in the anterior aspect of the spinal cord. The intervertebral disc disease was unchanged. The imaging and clinical findings were caused by fibrocartilaginous embolus, which meant there was no need for spinal cord biopsy. The report describes the clinical and imaging criteria for diagnosis of fibrocartilaginous embolus, highlighting the case for avoiding an unnecessary biopsy. The clinical pattern in the paediatric group is discussed, with features differentiating it from acute myelitis of childhood.
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ranking = 3.974116697475
keywords = back pain, back
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9/94. Upper limb ischemia induced by chronic licorice ingestion.

    A young woman had an acute embolic episode that affected her right upper limb. An axillo-brachial thromboembolectomy was performed after which distal pulses were recovered. The patient had a long lasting history, longer than ten years, of continuous licorice ingestion. blood samples showed severe hypokalemia that caused EKG changes. Transesophageal echocardiogram discovered mild mitral valve prolapse. The combination of surgery and potassium supplements was successful in treating this rare and potentially life-threatening disease.
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10/94. Superior mesenteric and renal artery embolism during PTA and re-stenting of infrarenal abdominal aorta. Report of a case and review of the literature.

    The authors report a case of acute superior mesenteric and right renal artery embolism that occurred during an interventional radiological procedure on the abdominal aorta of a young diabetic woman. The onset of a severe abdominal pain during the procedure evoked the clinical suspicion of intestinal ischemia related to the dislodgement of atheroembolic material into the mesenteric artery; the event was correctly diagnosed, but the surgical therapy was delayed by many hours because of the fact that the patient was in a peripheral hospital of the region and had to be transferred to our institution. Fortunately in spite of the considerable delay, the operation was fully successful, probably because of the favourable location of the embolus, which allowed collateral splanchnic circulation to maintain a good metabolic balance.
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ranking = 3.4133217644988
keywords = abdominal pain
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