1/14. gastroparesis and jejunal feeding.A kidney transplant patient with diabetic gastroparesis was effectively treated by jejunal feeding. The patient, a 31-year-old woman, has a complicated medical history, with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Complications include kidney failure followed by transplantation, bilateral knee amputations, and being registered blind. She was admitted with nausea and vomiting for the previous 6 days; the provisional diagnosis was diabetic gastroparesis. Various treatments were tried, including several prokinetic drugs and total parenteral nutrition. The total parenteral nutrition provided most of the patient's nutritional requirements, and, only slight weight loss was observed. Nothing seemed to improve the symptoms of vomiting. An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, a radiographic examination of the bile and pancreatic ducts, was performed to exclude obstruction. At the same time, having found nothing, a gastrostomy was placed with a jejunal extension. Feeding was established within 3 days. Her weight remained stable after 7 weeks of jejunal feeding. She had started to increase her oral intake of solid foods and fluids. By 8 weeks, she was taking a full oral diet and fluids. Now, 14 weeks after the placement of the gastrostomy tube with the jejunal extension, she is doing well. Her weight remains stable and her oral intake is excellent. Her diabetes is under control. After 22 weeks, the gastrostomy was removed. After this success with jejunal feeding when all other treatments had failed, this treatment could be used to treat future diabetic gastroparesis. Slow introduction of the feed seems to help toleration.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nutrition (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/14. mycobacterium avium complex pleuritis accompanied by diabetes mellitus.A 72-year-old woman with diabetic nephropathy was hospitalized with peripheral edema in the extremities and weight increase. After diuretics and human serum albumin administration, her condition improved. From the 15th day she had run a subfever and her breathing was diminished in the left lower lung field. A plain chest x-ray film showed pleural effusion over the left lung field. The fluid was exudative. Fluid cultures were negative. A tuberculin reaction was negative. polymerase chain reaction method disclosed mycobacterium avium complex, indicating rare pleuritis due to mycobacterium avium complex. Eighteen days after chemotherapy, pleural effusion disappeared. Although her hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were maintained from 6.0 to 6.5% over 4 years, urinary albumin excretion levels and serum creatinine levels increased, indicating deteriorating diabetic nephropathy. serum albumin levels remained low (3.3-3.6 g/dl). malnutrition, impaired cellular immunity and apparently abnormal microvascular circulation due to diabetes mellitus may consequently have induced pleuritis due to mycobacterium avium complex.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = nutrition (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/14. hypothermia with acute renal failure in a patient suffering from diabetic nephropathy and malnutrition.We report a rare case of hypothermia with acute renal failure in a patient suffering from diabetic nephropathy. A 71-year-old male who had been receiving insulin therapy for the treatment of diabetes mellitus complicated with advanced diabetic nephropathy since 1998 was malnourished with an extremely decreased muscle mass. Without any prolonged exposure to excessively low external temperatures or hypothyroidism, pituitary insufficiency, adrenal insufficiency, sepsis, hypoglycemia, and diabetic ketoacidosis, acute hypothermia appeared together with an aggravation of diabetic nephropathy. His skin temperature fell to below measurable levels and his rectal temperature fell to 30.0 degrees C. His consciousness was drowsy and the hypothermia was not accompanied by shivering. Skeletal muscle is known to play an important role as a center of heat production and shivering thermogenesis in skeletal muscle mainly operates on acute cold stress. Therefore, in this case, hypothermia may have occurred because the shivering thermogenesis could not fully act on the acute cold stress due to the dramatically reduced muscle mass. We should always keep in mind that older, malnourished diabetic patients can easily suffer from impairments of the thermoregulatory system.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3333333333333keywords = nutrition (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/14. Candida fasciitis following renal transplantation.BACKGROUND: We describe a rare case of necrotizing fasciitis involving candida albicans, an organism that has been reported to have a minimal potential for invasive soft tissue infection. In this case, immunosuppression, chronic renal failure, and a history of diabetes mellitus were predisposing factors. methods: The medical record and histopathologic material were examined. The clinical literature was reviewed for previous cases of C albicans necrotizing fasciitis. RESULTS: A review of the literature showed that in solid organ transplant recipients, localized fungal soft tissue infection is infrequent, with only 35 cases reported between 1974 and 1992. Necrotizing fasciitis caused by C albicans is extremely rare in the modern era of solid organ transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: The management of transplant patients at risk for invasive fungal infection warrants a high index of suspicion for fungal necrotizing fasciitis in the setting of wound infection and merits a thorough investigation for atypical pathogens.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0035340871773092keywords = index (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/14. Simultaneous occurrence of diabetic glomerulosclerosis, IgA nephropathy, crescentic glomerulonephritis, and myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody seropositivity in a Chinese patient.We report the case of a 72-year-old woman with a long-standing history of diabetes mellitus who presented with heavy proteinuria and rapid deterioration in renal function. She had a high titer of myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA). The renal biopsy specimen revealed features of diabetic glomerulosclerosis, crescentic glomerulonephritis, and IgA nephropathy. Treatment with steroid and cyclophosphamide resulted in significant improvement in renal function and normalization of MPO-ANCA level. This case highlights the importance of having a high index of suspicion for coexisting glomerulonephritis in diabetic patients presenting with proteinuria. The clinical course of patients with diabetic glomerulosclerosis, IgA nephropathy, crescentic glomerulonephritis, and MPO-ANCA seropositivity seems to resemble that of ANCA-associated, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and is potentially amenable to aggressive immunosuppressive therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0035340871773092keywords = index (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/14. Complementary therapy in chronic wound management: a holistic caring case study and praxis model.Holistic caring consists of providing care to each aspect of a patient's life through the use of therapeutic caring and complementary or alternative healing modalities. Since nursing consists of caring for the whole person and not just the disease process, consideration of a patient's physical, emotional, social, economic, spiritual, and cultural needs is necessary in dealing with any chronic health problem such as chronic wounds. In this model case studies presentation, the purpose of this article is to discuss the importance of the holistic caring approach and the use of complementary and alternative medicine or therapeutic modalities in chronic wound management. The use or role of theory in practice will also be discussed to emphasize the holistic caring praxis model used in the holistic assessment and holistic plan of care for the cases presented. This article also presents a framework that will help wound care and holistic nurses move from simply the positivist-modernist philosophy to begin to embrace the postmodernist philosophy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.013111086941062keywords = assessment (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/14. Diabetic ESRD patient supported with intradialytic parenteral nutrition.The patient did meet the expected outcomes. She was able to achieve a desired weight and continues to gain weight. Currently, consideration is being given to discontinuing IDPN therapy. The main concern is an exacerbation of her symptoms, which is often a problem with diabetic gastraparesis. BC's outlook on life is more positive. Hopefully, she will continue to be compliant with her diet, experience no increase in symptoms, and maintain this weight. As with all ESRD patients, her fluid status requires monitoring. Fluid gains are removed and she remains free of complications. BC is now able to participate in usual daily activities. She goes out to the hairdresser once a week and attends Sunday morning church service. Her sense of well-being is greatly improved. BC has expressed gratitude on numerous occasions for the treatment that she feels has saved her life. Her deteriorating physical state was severely affecting her emotional well-being. Her quality of life has been favorably altered by the intervention with IDPN therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3333333333333keywords = nutrition (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/14. Dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system in diabetic nephropathy.The presence of inadequately controlled hypertension in a diabetic patient with clinical signs of renal involvement portends a poor prognosis. Initial assessment should include ruling out factors which may exacerbate the hypertension and careful assessment of the stage of hypertension, renal function and amount of proteinuria. Intensive treatment requires finding a combination of medications which will reduce not only blood pressure but also proteinuria. It is suggested that treatment should be started with an ACE inhibitor or an AT1 receptor blocker often in a fixed combination with a low-dose thiazide diuretic. calcium channel blockers and beta-blockers may be added if required as second or third-line agents. In patients not responding to this combination, the dosages of the ACE inhibitor or AT1 blocker should be titrated upwards in order to obtain the maximal therapeutic effect. However, if this is still insufficient, dual blockade of the RAS should be considered and even an aldosterone receptor blocker may need to be added to the therapeutic regimen. It should be remembered that such a patient requires close monitoring in order to be sure that he is compliant with respect to the prescribed treatment and that there are no side-effects such as hyperkalaemia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.026222173882123keywords = assessment (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/14. Complete reversal of the nephrotic syndrome after preemptive pancreas-kidney transplantation: a case report.BACKGROUND: nephrotic syndrome due to diabetic nephropathy is presently considered an indication for pancreas-kidney transplantation even in the absence of severe renal failure. Reversal of the nephrotic syndrome has been reported, but the mechanisms of this effect are unclear. AIM: To describe the renal morphofunctional pattern and the pattern of proteinuria before and after preemptive pancreas-kidney transplantation. methods: methods included quantitative and qualitative assessment of proteinuria as well as renal ultrasound and scintiscan. CASE REPORT: A 42-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes since age 24 had widespread end-organ damage. Renal biopsy (2001) showed a mainly nodular pattern of diabetic nephropathy. Following referral (1999), her serum creatinine ranged from 1.6 to 2.2 mg/dL, with nephrotic range proteinuria (glomerular nonselective, tubular complete). Renal scintiscan revealed bilateral, symmetric, well-perfused kidneys. The functional data before pancreas-kidney graft (February 2003) were: serum creatinine 1.6 mg/dL, creatinine clearance 58 mL/min, serum albumin 2.6 g/dL, proteinuria 9.1 g/d. At hospital discharge (March 2003), the creatinine was 1.2 mg/dL, the creatinine clearance 97 mL/min, the proteinuria 0.676 g/d. Two months later, the creatinine was 1.2 mg/dL and proteinuria 0.421 g/d. A renal scintiscan demonstrated the functional prevalence of the grafted kidney (77% of total function), with vital, almost completely excluded native kidneys (functional contribution, 11.5% each). proteinuria, ranging from 0.3 to 0.6 g/d, showed a physiological pattern. CONCLUSIONS: Functional exclusion of the native kidneys by renal scintiscan gives morphological support to reversal of the nephrotic syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.013111086941062keywords = assessment (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/14. meningitis due to campylobacter fetus intestinalis in a kidney transplant recipient. A case report.A 47-year-old man developed campylobacter fetus intestinalis meningitis 3 years after cadaver renal transplantation. The infection was successfully controlled with chloramphenicol followed by erythromycin. There were no relapses during the past 5 years and the allograft function remains normal. The available evidence suggests that the campylobacter sepsis was associated with nutritional therapy, the patient received in a Mexican clinic. The present case is reported because of its clinical importance and epidemiological implications.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = nutrition (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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