1/3. Avulsion fracture of the anterior half of the foramen magnum involving the bilateral occipital condyles and the inferior clivus--case report.A 38-year-old male presented with an avulsion fracture of the anterior half of the foramen magnum due to a traffic accident. He had palsy of the bilateral VI, left IX, and left X cranial nerves, weakness of his left upper extremity, and crossed sensory loss. He was treated conservatively and placed in a halo brace for 16 weeks. After immobilization, swallowing, hoarseness, and left upper extremity weakness improved. Hyperextension with a rotatory component probably resulted in strain in the tectorial membrane and alar ligaments, resulting in avulsion fracture at the sites of attachment, the bilateral occipital condyles and the inferior portion of the clivus. Conservative treatment is probably optimum even for this unusual and severe type of occipital condyle fracture.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/3. Lower cranial nerve palsies. Potentially lethal in association with upper cervical fracture-dislocations.Palsies of the lower cranial nerves occurred in association with traumatic atlantoaxial dissociations in two patients. The fracture-dislocations sustained were rare injuries and the neurologic complications contributed greatly to their morbidity and mortality.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/3. Traumatic atlantooccipital dislocation. Case report.A case of traumatic atlantooccipital dislocation is presented and the literature reviewed. This type of traumatic dislocation is probably produced by violent hyperextension of the upper cervical spine. cranial nerve injuries and spinal cord injuries are common. Early fusion is recommended.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |