1/133. corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum: an easily missed respiratory pathogen in hiv-infected patients.Despite being a well-known respiratory pathogen for immunocompromised patients, corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum has uncommonly been reported to occur in persons with infection attributable to hiv virus. We report three cases of respiratory tract infection attributable to C. pseudodiphtheriticum in hiv-infected patients and review the four previous cases from the medical literature. All of them were male with a median cd4 lymphocyte count of 110 cells/mm3 (range, 18-198/mm3); five of the seven cases occurred in persons for whom AIDS was diagnosed previously. The onset of symptomatology was usually acute and the most common radiographic appearance was alveolar infiltrate (six patients) with cavitation (two patients) and pleural effusion (two patients). In five of the seven cases, C. pseudodiphtheriticum was isolated from bronchoscopic samples and in the remaining two cases was recovered from lung biopsy (one patient) and sputum (one patient). In the three patients reported herein and in one previous case from the medical literature, quantitative culturing of bronchoscopic samples obtained through either bronchoalveolar lavage or protected brush catheter procedures yielded more than 10(3) CFU/mL. All the strains tested were susceptible to penicillin and vancomycin. Resistance to macrolides was common. Recovery was observed in six of the seven patients. C. pseudodiphtheriticum should be regarded as a potential respiratory pathogen in hiv-infected patients. This infection presents late in the course of hiv disease and it seems to respond well to appropriate antibiotic treatment in most of the cases. This easily overlooked pathogen should be added to the list of organisms implicated in respiratory tract infections in this population.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/133. corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient.corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum is a coryneform and diphtheromorphic bacteria rarely found as a cause of pneumonia in immunocompetent hosts. A case of an immunocompetent patient with C. pseudodiphtheriticum pneumonia is presented. This infection responded well to initial empirical treatment with cefotaxime. Very few cases of pneumonia associated with C. pseudodiphtheriticum have been described in the medical literature, this organism mainly being found in immunocompromised hosts. We report a case of pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient in which C. pseudodiphtheriticum was the only micro-organism isolated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/133. corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum keratitis and conjunctivitis: a case report.A case of keratitis and conjunctivitis in an 86-year-old man caused by corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum is reported. Corynebacteria are uncommon causes of ocular surface infections. However, the presence of corneal and conjunctival epithelial defects in an immunocompromised patient can result in severe infection by a commensal organism such as C. pseudodiphtheriticum. The significance of a positive culture in these settings should not be overlooked.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/133. Infection of the skin caused by corynebacterium ulcerans and mimicking classical cutaneous diphtheria.Extrapharyngeal infections caused by corynebacterium ulcerans have rarely been reported previously, and diphtheria toxin production has usually not been addressed. This case demonstrates that strains of C. ulcerans that produce diphtheria toxin can cause infections of the skin that completely mimic typical cutaneous diphtheria, thereby potentially providing a source of bacteria capable of causing life-threatening diseases in the patient's environment. Therefore, it is recommended to screen wound swabs for coryneform bacteria, identify all isolates, carefully assess possible toxin production, and send questionable strains to a specialist or a reference laboratory.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/133. Ventriculojugular shunt nephritis with corynebacterium bovis. Successful therapy with antibiotics.A patient with hydrocephalus and a ventriculojugular shunt presented with acute nephritis, nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria 10 g/24 hours), decreased complement levels, circulating immune complexes and diminished creatinine clearance (41 ml/min). Seven blood cultures grew corynebacterium bovis. A renal biopsy specimen revealed mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis by light microscopy, and thickened glomerular basement membranes with areas of increased granular density by electron microscopy. Immunofluorescent examination of the biopsy specimen demonstrated 2 granular glomerular basement membrane deposits of immunoglobulin M (IgM), with trace third component of complement (C-3), fourth component of complement (C-4) and immunoglobulin g (IgG). rabbits immunized with C. bovis produced a line of partial identity in agar with patient serum against a sonicate of C. bovis. Indirect fluorescein staining of the biopsy specimen with the rabbit antiserum demonstrated 1 granular glomerular basement membrane deposits. potassium thiocyanate microelution of sections prior to examination markedly diminished staining with antihuman antiserum, but did not affect staining with rabbit antiserum. Following initial therapy with intravenous penicillin for six weeks the bacteremia cleared, serum complement levels returned to normal, proteinuria decreased and creatinine clearance increased. A relapse occured four weeks later with decreased complement levels, increased proteinuria and decreased creatinine clearance. blood cultures were again positive for C. bovis. Following therapy with erythromycin and rifampin, the bacteremia cleared and there was a sustained improvement of all parameters. To our knowledge, this is the first time an association has been noted between C. bovis ventriculojugular shunt infection and glomerulonephritis. These findings support the potential role of C. bovis as an etiologic agent in human renal disease and further define the immune complex nature of shunt nephritis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/133. A fatal case of necrotizing sinusitis due to toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans.A 77-year-old farmer developed cough with sputum production, fever, bloody nasal discharge and a mass in his right maxillary sinus leading to necrotic ulceration of the sinus. corynebacterium ulcerans, carrying the beta-phage for the diphtheria toxin and secreting the toxin, was detected microscopically and by culture from the sinusoidal and ulcer discharge. Despite immediate antimicrobial chemotherapy the patient died of pulmonary failure associated with the production of large amounts of very viscous sputum. Identification of the causative agent, pathophysiological aspects and risk factors of this unusal infection are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/133. Septicaemia due to corynebacterium haemolyticum.The clinical and microbiological features of a case of septicaemia due to corynebacterium haemolyticum are described. Isolation of the organism from blood cultures taken at the time of admission, immediate response to penicillin, presence of agglutinating antibodies in high titre in the patient's serum, and our failure to find evidence of infection with any other pathogen suggests a causative role.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/133. corynebacterium minutissimum bacteremia in an immunocompetent host with cellulitis.Since its original description in 1961, corynebacterium minutissimum, the causative agent of erythrasma, has rarely been associated with extracutaneous disease. We report a case of cellulitis and bacteremia due to C. minutissimum. We discuss the treatment of C. minutissimum infection and describe the clinical settings in which isolation of corynebacterium species from blood cultures should be considered significant.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/133. An unusual case of infective endocarditis.A rare case of corynebacterium striatum endocarditis on a bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement, treated medically, is reported. The presentation was subacute, and initially endocarditis screening was negative. Because of the failure of symptoms to settle further screening was performed which confirmed the organism in several sets of blood cultures. This emphasises the importance of persistent screening for endocarditis if the history raises any suspicion of this potentially serious infection, especially in the presence of prosthetic valves.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/133. corynebacterium macginleyi isolated from urine in a patient with a permanent bladder catheter.An 82-y-old male patient with a neurogenic bladder and vesical stones presented with a urinary tract infection caused by corynebacterium macginleyi. This is the first case of isolation of C. macginleyi from a non-conjunctival specimen. The patient recovered fully with antimicrobial treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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