1/51. Malignant melanoma of the choroid in neurofibromatosis.A 60-year-old white woman with generalized neurofibromatosis and multiple melanocytic hamartomas of the iris developed an unusual choroidal mass, with secondary sensory retinal separation in the left eye. Ophthalmoscopically the tumor had a peculiar donut configuration that was caused by a large focus of central necrosis within a spindle B melanoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = spindle (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/51. Multifocal intraocular malignant melanoma: report of two cases and review of the literature.PURPOSE: To describe two eyes from two patients with multifocal primary intraocular melanoma. DESIGN: Two case reports. methods: The history and histologic findings in the enucleated eyes of two patients with multifocal intraocular melanoma are described in comparison to previously reported cases. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pathologic examination of enucleated eyes. RESULTS: One of the two eyes contained mixed cell type melanomas, and one eye contained spindle cell type melanomas. Examination of serial sections showed no continuity between the intraocular melanomas. There were no associated ocular or systemic conditions with the multifocal intraocular melanomas. CONCLUSIONS: Multifocal primary intraocular melanoma is rare. There is no known predisposing factor to this condition.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.6402546897601keywords = spindle, spindle cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/51. Choroidal schwannoma: immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic study.Schwannoma (neurilemoma) arising from the ciliary body and choroid is a rare form of intraocular tumor and usually misdiagnosed clinically as amelanotic melanoma. This case report describes a 73-year-old woman who developed a large nonpigmented intraocular tumor of the choroid in the left eye and underwent enucleation with a clinical diagnosis of malignant melanoma. The tumor consisted of spindle-shaped cells with an indefinite cytoplasm and twisted nuclei, which had positive immunoreactivity for S-100 protein, vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein and neural cell adhesion molecule. A continuous basal lamina encompassing the tumor cells was demonstrated by immunostaining for laminin and type IV collagen. Ultrastructurally, tumor cells with scant organelles had delicate cytoplasmic processes apposing each other, all indicative of Schwann cell origin. In reexamination of fluorescein angiograms, ultrasonograms and magnetic resonance images, no findings were incompatible with a diagnosis of choroidal melanoma. Histopathological studies showed that the tumor was a schwannoma. At present, we do not have a benchmark for the clinical diagnosis of intraocular schwannoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = spindle (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/51. Malignant melanoma arising in a choroidal magnacellular nevus (melanocytoma).A case is presented of a 55-year-old Caucasian male whose right eye was enucleated for a mixed spindle-A and spindle-B malignant melanoma in 1967. The ophthalmoscopic picture, fluorescein angiography, and overlying peculiar orange pigmentation were suggestive of a malignant lesion. Study of serial sections of the entire lesion made possible the histologic reconstruction of the lesion, clinicopathologic correlation of the yellow-orange pigment, and the location of the nevus and mixed spindle-cell melanoma components.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = spindle (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/51. iris mammillations as the only sign of ocular melanocytosis in a child with choroidal melanoma.An 8-year-old girl had visual loss in her left eye over 2 months. Ocular examination showed that visual acuity was counting fingers in the left eye. The left iris was moderately pigmented and thickened with numerous confluent, dome-shaped elevations on its surface, consistent with iris mammillations arising from ocular melanocytosis. There was total retinal detachment and an inferiorly located large amelanotic choroidal mass compressing the optic nerve. A specimen from a fine-needle aspiration biopsy showed spindle and epithelioid melanoma cells. The eye was enucleated. Pathologic examination showed that the bland melanocytes comprising the anterior border layer of iris formed focal aggregates, corresponding to the iris mammillations observed clinically. The uvea was diffusely thickened. Arising from the posterior choroid and obscuring the optic nerve head was a moderately pigmented spindle and epithelioid cell choroidal melanoma with diffuse lymphocytic infiltration and high mitotic activity. This case demonstrates that iris mammillations can be the initial manifestation of ocular melanocytosis in the absence of scleral pigmentation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = spindle (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/51. Isolated ovarian metastasis from a spindle cell malignant melanoma of the choroid 14 years after enucleation: prognostic implication of the keratin immunophenotype.A 47-year-old woman developed metastatic melanoma to the right ovary 14 years after the enucleation of the right eye for a choroidal spindle cell melanoma. An immunohistochemical study was performed on paraffin sections of both primary and metastatic melanoma specimens to identify markers of both aggressive phenotype and metastatic potential with particular attention to the anomalous expression of cytokeratin intermediate filament proteins. Neoplastic cells of both primary and metastatic tumors immunostained positively for S-100, HMB45, MART-1, and vimentin antibodies, but they were negative for cytokeratins 1-19, 8, 18, and 8,18; <10% of neoplastic cells in both the primary and the metastatic melanomas immunostained for Ki-67 proliferating antigen using MIB-1 antibody. We speculate that the indolent behavior of this ovarian metastasis is reflected by the absence of coexpression of cytokeratins 8 and 18 with vimentin. This case supports the practical value of using this panel of antibodies to evaluate the aggressive potential of uveal melanomas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 8.2012734488007keywords = spindle, spindle cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/51. magnetic resonance imaging in cavitary choroidal melanoma.PURPOSE: To report the development of a cavitary choroidal melanoma in a patient with nevus of ota and describe its magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. PATIENT: A 66-year-old man with right oculodermal melanocytosis and an ipsilateral choroidal cavitary melanoma was seen. diagnosis was suspected on the clinical, ultrasonographic and MRI findings. RESULTS: T1-weighted image showed a hyperintense solid mass containing hypointense cystic-like spaces delineated by hyperintense septa with respect to the vitreous. The reverse image was observed on T2-weighted images. A choroidal melanoma comprising epithelioid and spindle cells with multilocular cavities was documented histopathologically. CONCLUSIONS: There may be an association between cavitary melanoma and nevus of ota. Characteristic MRI findings could be helpful in the differential diagnosis of cavitary uveal melanoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.6402546897601keywords = spindle, spindle cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/51. Intraocular hemangiopericytoma. A case report.A 55-year-old man presented with a smoothly elevated solid choroidal mass with choroidal detachment in the temporal region of the left eye. Both fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography suggested a vascularized lesion such as an angioma. However, radiographic examination revealed a solid, circumscribed, dome-shaped mass. During a 3-month observation, the mass gradually enlarged and invaded the iris. The possibility of malignant melanoma could not be ruled out. Due to rapid and continued growth of the tumor, the eye was enucleated. Histopathologic examination revealed proliferation of spindle-shaped cells surrounding reticulin-positive vessels, which is characteristic of hemangiopericytoma. To our knowledge, this is only the fourth reported case of intraocular hemangiopericytoma and the first diagnosed in a male patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = spindle (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/51. leiomyoma in the posterior choroid: a case report.smooth muscle tumor of the uveal tract is rare, and mostly located in the cilio-choroidal area. We report a unique case of posterior choroidal leiomyoma in a 27-yr-old man. Ophthalmoscopic examination disclosed an 11 mm-sized mass on the fundus two-disc diameters apart from the optic disc. With a suspicion of amelanotic melanoma, the globe was enucleated. The mass occupied the whole thickness of choroidal stroma beneath the pigmented retinal epithelium and composed of spindle cells arranged in intersecting fascicles. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated immunoreactivities of the tumor cells for smooth muscle actin, desmin, and vimentin. Ultrastructurally, numerous intracytoplasmic filaments with fusiform focal densities, scattered segmental external laminae, subplasmalemmal densities, and pinocytic vesicles were noted. The leiomyoma in this case had several unusual features in that it was confined to the posterior choroid with no relation to the ciliary body, occupied the whole stroma of the choroid instead of suprauveal location, and occurred in a young male. It is important to include choroidal leiomyoma in the differential diagnosis of choroidal tumors.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.6402546897601keywords = spindle, spindle cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/51. Diagnostic intraocular aspiration cytology of choroidal melanoma.Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed on an intraocular mass in a 32-yr-old Indian woman and a cytologic diagnosis of malignant melanoma was made, supported by immunocytochemistry. The cytologic features included spindle-shaped tumour cells with minimal pleomorphism and the presence of nuclear grooves. No intracellular pigment was identified; however, positivity for HMB-45 allowed a rapid and reliable diagnosis. The utility of FNAC in an atypical presentation of choroidal melanoma is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = spindle (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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