1/318. chickenpox pneumonia: case report and literature review.The incidence of primary chickenpox infection in young adults appears to be rising in the UK and other developed countries. The infection is more severe in adults than in children and complications, including pneumonia, are more frequent. An illustrative case of severe chickenpox pneumonia in an immunocompetent, non-pregnant adult smoker is presented. The epidemiology and pathology of the disease is discussed and a review of current management in the emergency department and the intensive care unit is presented. Strategies for the prevention of chickenpox pneumonia are also discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/318. magnetic resonance angiography of primary varicella vasculitis: report of two cases.Two patients with onset of hemiparesis 3 weeks following primary varicella infection demonstrated contralateral temporal lobe and basal ganglia infarctions on magnetic resonance imaging. In both cases, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) was performed and demonstrated flow abnormalities ipsilateral to the infarcts. Digital subtraction angiography was performed in one case; however, the findings were significantly less conspicuous than those of the MRA. MRA proved to be sensitive to the diagnosis of varicella-induced vasculitis in two consecutive cases and provided a noninvasive means of following the progression of the disease process in response to therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/318. Congenital varicella syndrome: cranial MRI in a long-term survivor.Congenital varicella syndrome is a rare disorder which follows maternal infection in the first or early second trimester. The syndrome comprises a number of malformations including microcephaly, cortical destruction and limb hypoplasia. We describe a case where there has been long-term survival following second trimester maternal infection. The clinical findings, including the characteristic lower limb hypoplasia, are documented, as are the appearances on cranial MRI indicating an encephaloclastic porencephaly.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/318. prenatal diagnosis of congenital varicella syndrome and detection of varicella-zoster virus in the fetus: a case report.Varicella syndrome (VS) specific malformations were sonographically seen at 22 weeks and 3 days of gestation. Fetal infection was demonstrated by detection of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) dna in fetal blood and amniotic fluid by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Following therapeutic abortion, fetal infection was confirmed by detection of VZV dna in several fetal tissues and placenta, and by histopathological findings like miliary calcified necroses in fetal organs.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/318. Varicella-related deaths--florida, 1998.During 1998, the florida Department of health (FDH) reported to CDC six fatal cases of varicella (chickenpox). FDH investigated all death certificates for 1998 with any mention of varicella as a contributory or underlying cause. Eight deaths were identified; two were reclassified as disseminated herpes zoster and six were related to varicella, for an annual varicella death rate of 0.4 deaths per million population. Two deaths occurred in children and four in adults; none had received varicella vaccine. The infection source was identified for three cases; two adults acquired varicella from children in the home, and one child acquired varicella from a classmate. One infection source was known to be unvaccinated; the other two were presumed to be unvaccinated. This report summarizes these varicella deaths and recommends prevention strategies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/318. Primary disseminated varicella presenting as an acute abdomen.We report a patient admitted with acute abdominal pain initially thought to be due to pancreatitis of unclear etiology. Later during his hospitalization he was diagnosed with primary varicella infection. The association between varicella and systemic multiorgan disease needs to be recognized in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. A prompt diagnosis prevents delay in the treatment of varicella, as well as in monitoring for and preventing complications of disseminated infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/318. Remission of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis with varicella infection.This report describes 2 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) poorly responsive to therapy. Both patients experienced dramatic improvement in their arthritis coincident with acute, uncomplicated varicella infection. Although remission of JRA has been associated with other viral infections, this phenomenon has not been previously reported with varicella infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.5keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/318. Fatal group A Streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome in a child with varicella: report of the first well documented case with detection of the genetic sequences that code for exotoxins spe A and B, in Sao Paulo, brazil.A previously healthy seven-year-old boy was admitted to the intensive care unit because of toxaemia associated with varicella. He rapidly developed shock and multisystem organ failure associated with the appearance of a deep-seated soft tissue infection and, despite aggressive treatment, died on hospital day 4. An M-non-typable, spe A and spe B positive Group A streptococcus was cultured from a deep soft tissue aspirate. The criteria for defining Streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome were fulfilled. The authors discuss the clinical and pathophysiological aspects of this disease as well as some unusual clinical findings related to this case.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/318. Varicella arthritis diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction.We report a 2-year-old girl who developed acute arthritis of the left knee 4 days after the onset of a typical varicella infection. She was first thought to have pyogenic arthritis caused by staphylococcus aureus. Accordingly, oxacillin was administered upon hospitalization. On the third day after hospitalization, bacterial cultures of the synovial fluid and blood showed no growth and oxacillin was discontinued. Although a viral culture of the synovial fluid for varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was negative, varicella dna was identified by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with VZV-specific primers. The patient recovered spontaneously. To differentiate this condition from septic arthritis is important. PCR is a sensitive technique that can demonstrate the presence of VZV dna in synovial fluid, even if viral cultures are negative.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/318. Breakthrough varicella infection in a healthcare worker despite immunity after varicella vaccination.Although varicella vaccination is recommended for varicella-susceptible healthcare workers (HCWs), breakthrough infection after vaccination is not unusual, especially following household exposures. We report breakthrough varicella in a vaccinated HCW and review the data on breakthrough infection and concerns for the healthcare setting.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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