Cases reported "Calcinosis"

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1/343. Broncholithiasis: rare but still present.

    Broncholithiasis is a rare but distinct and potentially dangerous pulmonary problem that still needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of some patients with bronchial obstruction. Broncholiths originate from calcified material in peribronchial lymph nodes eroding into the tracheobronchial tree. The clinical and chest X-ray signs are usually non-specific, but the diagnosis can nowadays be made based on clinical suspicion, CT-scan and fibre-optic bronchoscopy findings, so that a malignant cause of airway obstruction can be ruled out. The removal of broncholiths during fibre-optic bronchoscopy is seldom possible and rather dangerous. They can be removed safely by rigid bronchoscopy with the aid of Nd-YAG laser photocoagulation. thoracotomy is indicated in complicated cases with fistula formation or severe bleeding.
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ranking = 1
keywords = chest
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2/343. Mesenteric lipodystrophy with fever of unknown origin and mesenteric calcifications.

    Mesenteric lipodystrophy (ML) is a rare condition characterized by a nonspecific inflammatory process that involves the root of the mesentery in a lipoma-like lesion. Presenting features of ML include abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. This case illustrates that ML should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with fever of unknown origin and mesenteric calcifications.
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ranking = 1.6704711631275
keywords = abdominal pain
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3/343. Localized pericarditis with calcifications mimicking a pericardial tumor.

    A 62-year-old man was admitted with increasing palpitations. radiography of the chest demonstrated a calcified mass. magnetic resonance imaging revealed compression of the right ventricle by a tumor. At the time of cardiac catheterization, the coronary arteries were found not to supply blood flow of the mass, and no dip-and-plateau pattern was seen in the right ventricular pressure measurements. At the time of surgery, the mass was found to be a focal calcified thickening of the pericardium containing only pus. The thickening resembled an oval pericardial tumor. Microbiologic examination of the pus revealed propionibacterium acnes.
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ranking = 1
keywords = chest
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4/343. Potential association between calcified thoracic lymphadenopathy due to previous histoplasma capsulatum infection and pulmonary mycobacterium avium complex disease.

    BACKGROUND: Among patients with pulmonary disease due to mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) seen recently at our center, a substantial number have had extensive calcified mediastinal, hilar, and peribronchial lymphadenopathy, a finding historically inconsistent with pulmonary MAC disease. METHOD: We retrospectively studied the frequency of calcified lymphadenopathy in the chest and prevalence of known risk factors for MAC infection in 79 patients with pulmonary MAC disease who were referred to our hospital over a 1-year period. RESULTS: Calcified intrathoracic adenopathy was present in 25 of the 79 patients (32%). Residential histories revealed that 20 of the 25 patients (80%) with such calcified chest adenopathy reported living for substantial periods in the regions indigenous for histoplasma capsulatum. In contrast, the residences of patients without calcified chest adenopathy were more evenly distributed throughout the country. Nineteen of these 25 patients (76%) with calcified chest adenopathy had no known predisposing risk factor for the infection; in contrast, the proportion of patients with no calcified adenopathy who also had no identifiable classic risk factor tended to be lower (32/54, 59%). CONCLUSION: In this retrospective study, we observed that (1) a large number of patients with pulmonary MAC disease had no identifiable risk factor, (2) calcified chest adenopathy was present in one third of the patients, (3) the residential history of those with calcified adenopathy mirrored the endemic region of histoplasmosis, and, (4) conversely, those patients with pulmonary MAC who lived outside the histoplasmosis belt had no such adenopathy. Thus, we hypothesize that previous fungal infection may predispose the lungs of certain patients to subsequent invasion by MAC, presumably by airway distortion and/or parenchymal damage.
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ranking = 5
keywords = chest
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5/343. Abdominal pregnancy in a 67-year-old woman undetected for 37 years. A case report.

    BACKGROUND: Abdominal pregnancy is an exceedingly rare occurrence, but even more unusual is prolonged retention of an advanced abdominal pregnancy with lithopedion formation. We present the case of prolonged retention of an advanced abdominal pregnancy in an elderly women. CASE: A 67-year-old, white woman presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain. An acute abdominal series revealed a fetal skeleton extending from the patient's pelvis to her lower costal margins. Pelvic examination revealed a normal postmenopausal uterus, and human chorionic gonadotropin was negative. On further questioning the patient reported that she had become pregnant 37 years earlier and was diagnosed as having a "missed" pregnancy. She refused intervention at that time but suffered no untoward consequences. She reported having had later a healthy intrauterine pregnancy, delivered vaginally at term. No attempt was made to remove the prior missed abdominal pregnancy. The acute pain episode resolved, and there was no surgical intervention. CONCLUSION: Abdominal pregnancies can have a complex course, and management decisions can be difficult. This case presents an unusual outcome of an advanced abdominal pregnancy and illustrates a unique approach to management.
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ranking = 1.6704711631275
keywords = abdominal pain
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6/343. High-resolution computed tomography of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis.

    Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare disease. It has been reported predominantly in turkey. We report a case of PAM with characteristic high-resolution computed tomography (CT) findings. A 45-year-old Taiwanese woman had progressive difficulty in breathing for 7 years. Her chest radiographs showed diffuse high-density micronodules and reticular lines that obliterated the bronchovascular bundles and the margin of the heart and diaphragm. The micronodules were scattered throughout both lung fields with basal predominance. Examination of a transbronchial lung biopsy specimen showed PAM. High-resolution CT showed a unique and characteristic calcified reticular pattern and thickening of the interlobular septa of the lung parenchyma, with predominant basal and peripheral lung distribution. Reticulonodular changes of the interlobular septa and intralobular interstitial lines associated with subpleural air cysts and paraseptal emphysema were evident. These high-resolution CT findings are pathognomonic for PAM. Thus, lung biopsy may be avoided in the presence of this characteristic finding.
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ranking = 1
keywords = chest
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7/343. Calcifying fibrous pseudotumor: an ultrastructural study.

    To clarify the pathogenesis of calcification in calcifying fibrous pseudotumor (CFT), the lesion arising in the chest wall of a 16-month-old boy was ultrastructurally investigated. fibroblasts were surrounded by large amounts of collagen fibrils. The dystrophic and psammomatous calcifications were observed as electron-dense amorphous masses and laminated bodies, respectively, within the cytoplasm of fibroblasts and in the collagenous stroma. The degeneration of cytoplasm seemed to be an initial event of intracytoplasmic calcification. Extracellular calcified substances often abutted to fibroblasts. fibroblasts may play an important role in both intracellular and extracellular calcifications of CFT.
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keywords = chest
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8/343. Subcutaneous calcification as a late effect of orthovoltage chest wall irradiation.

    Adjuvant radiotherapy to the breast or chest wall is given to some patients with breast cancer, to reduce the risk of local recurrence. It is known to be associated with various late sequelae, including subcutaneous fibrosis, telangiectasia and pulmonary fibrosis. Delivering radiotherapy to the chest wall and nodal drainage areas presents the technical problem of matching the glancing and anterior supraclavicular fields. Overlap between these fields will result in underlying tissues receiving a larger dose than intended; similarly, a gap results in an inadequate dose. We present the case history of a patient with subcutaneous calcification occurring as a late sequela of radiotherapy to the chest wall and anterior supraclavicular field. This has not been previously reported and is thought to have arisen from a high dose region in an area of overlap between fields.
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ranking = 7
keywords = chest
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9/343. Adrenal endothelial cyst with massive central calcification.

    A 55-year-old woman was treated for a rare case of adrenal endothelial cyst that was detected incidentally during management of abdominal pain. Computed tomography of the tumor displayed massive central calcification and a fluid-fluid level by intracystic hemorrhage. magnetic resonance imaging showed an intracystic papillary part with calcification. After surgery, the tumor was diagnosed as an angiomatous type of adrenal endothelial cyst.
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ranking = 1.6704711631275
keywords = abdominal pain
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10/343. Malignant large cell calcifying sertoli cell tumor of the testis (LCCSCTT). Report of a case in an elderly man and review of the literature.

    Malignant Large Cell Calcifying sertoli cell tumor of the testis (LCCSCTT) is a rare histological variant of sex cordstromal tumors. It usually arises in young males, sometimes is associated with endocrine abnormalities and has a benign course. It is exceptional in elderly men and the outcome is rarely fatal. We report a case of LCCSCTT in a 73 year-old man with fatal outcome. The tumor involved the right testis and several areas of the tunica albuginea were grossly invaded. serum levels of HCG, LH and testosterone were normal. Lymphoangiography performed after orchiectomy showed an involvement of the iliac and preaortic lymph nodes. X-ray of the chest showed no lung metastases. A thorough study of the light microscopic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural appearances was performed. immunohistochemistry revealed positivity to vimentin, S-100 and NSE. Our observations confirm the previous findings concerning malignant LCCSCTT and point out the histogenesis of the tumor from sertoli cells.
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ranking = 1
keywords = chest
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