1/10. Invasive ductal carcinoma of the male breast expanding from pacemaker pocket decubitus.After twenty-five years of therapy with different unifocal pacemaking systems, an 84-year old male patient developed a nonseptic pacemaker decubitus. A rare incidental finding of invasive ductal carcinoma of the right mammary gland was surgically treated by a generous excision of the tumor and by consecutive modified radical mastectomy. According to published literature, the association of invasive ductal carcinoma arising from a pacemaker pocket decubitus and followed by curative treatment has not been previously reported. We do conclude that pacemaker generators in close relationship to the mammary gland should be considered with suspicion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/10. Immunoreactivity of prostate-specific antigen in male breast carcinomas: two examples of a diagnostic pitfall in discriminating a primary breast cancer from metastatic prostate carcinoma.Prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) is regarded as a specific marker secreted by normal and neoplastic acinar epithelial cells of the prostate gland; its detection by immunocytochemistry has been accepted as an indication of metastatic prostate cancer. This is ascribed to the commonly held belief that PSA is not found in extraprostatic tissues. However, this concept has recently been challenged, based on the observations that certain nonprostatic tissues and their neoplasms can also secrete PSA. Such a questionable belief could result in a diagnostic pitfall when using immunostaining for PSA on fine-needle aspiration (FNAC) cytology samples to differentiate metastatic prostate cancer from a primary carcinoma of an extraprostatic organ. In this communication, two cases of primary carcinomas of the male breast are reported in which PSA immunopositivity on FNAC led to the suggestion of a diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma of the prostate. Diagn. Cytopathol. 1999;21:167-169.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/10. A case of breast cancer associated with juvenile papillomatosis of the male breast.Juvenile papillomatosis of the breast (JPB) was first described in 1980 and is occasionally associated with breast cancer. The literature reports only four cases of JPB in males; none of them associated simultaneously with breast cancer. We present a case of a male with JPB associated with a ductal carcinoma in the same gland.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/10. Male Paget's disease of the breast.BACKGROUND: Paget's disease is an extremely rare condition of the male breast that presents as an eczematous change of the nipple and areola. It is almost always associated with an underlying intraductal carcinoma. OBJECTIVE: A case of Paget's disease of the male breast with extension into adnexal structures is reported. MATERIALS AND methods: A medline search for cases of Paget's disease of the male breast was performed and the cases were reviewed. The following antibodies were used in immunohistochemical staining: Rabbit Anti-Human c-erbB-2 Oncoprotein, monoclonal Mouse Anti-Human Estrogen Receptor (IgG1, kappa), and monoclonal Mouse Anti-Human progesterone Receptor (Clone PgR 636). RESULTS: This is only the 43rd histologically proven case of Paget's disease of the male breast in the world literature and, to our knowledge, the first to document extension of Paget's cells into adnexal structures, including eccrine glands. CONCLUSION: Mammary Paget's disease is a rare phenomenon among men.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/10. Unusual cases of metastases to the breast. A report of 17 cases diagnosed by fine needle aspiration.BACKGROUND: Although nonmammary tumors metastatic to the breast are relatively uncommon, a correct diagnosis is essential to appropriate management. Radiologically these lesions are single, round, discrete lesions without the spiculations of primary malignancies. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) may provide a definitive diagnosis, thereby sparing patients unnecessary surgery. CASES: Seventeen cases of nonmammary malignancies diagnosed by fine needle aspiration of the breast were identified in the cytopathology files at three different institutions from 1989 to 1999. Three of the cases are of particular interest, including a mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary gland origin and a small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of rectal origin, neither of which has been reported in the literature previously. The third case was a male with a breast mass that was originally thought to be primary based on clinical, cytologic and immunocytochemical features but subsequently was determined to be a metastasis from the lung. CONCLUSION: Virtually any malignancy may metastasize to the breast. FNAB is the best approach to the diagnosis of tumors that either clinically or radiographically are not typical of primary breast tumors. Extramammary neoplasms metastatic to the breast may be definitively diagnosed by FNAB, resulting in the most appropriate as well as cost-effective patient management.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/10. Synchronous bilateral noninvasive ductal carcinoma of the male breast: a case report.A 45-year-old man developed a bloody discharge from his right nipple. physical examination revealed bloody discharge from his left nipple also but no swelling, breast mass, or axillary lymph nodes. He then underwent bilateral total glandectomy without axillary dissection. Histological examination revealed low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with a low-papillary and cribriform pattern measuring about 4 mm in diameter in the breast bilaterally. To our knowledge, this is the first report of synchronous bilateral DCIS in a male. Since this patient's hormonal profile showed a relatively high blood level of prolactin, the causative relationship between hyperprolactinemia and male breast cancer is discussed. Including our case, 5 of 6 cases reported thus far have been bilateral, and 4 of the 6 cases have been synchronous. We emphasize that the contralateral breast should also be tested or followed in male breast cancer patients with hyperprolactinemia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/10. Three-millimeter apocrine adenoma in a man: a case report and review of the literature.We describe a rare case of apocrine adenoma of the breast in a 45-year-old man. The patient presented with a tender lump in his left breast that had been present for 6 months. A mammogram identified a 3-mm nodular density in the breast, which was described as a hypoechoic nodule on ultrasound. Microscopic examination of tissue from an excisional biopsy revealed a 3-mm group of benign glands with abundant granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm and apical luminal blebbing, consistent with an apocrine adenoma. After reviewing other reported apocrine adenomas in the literature, we determined that our case was the smallest detected apocrine adenoma to be reported to date.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/10. Clinics in diagnostic imaging (88). Gynaecomastia of the right breast and carcinoma of the left breast.An 83-year-old man presented with a painless lump in his left breast for one year. Mammograms showed an ill-defined uncalcified high-density subareolar mass in the left breast and minimal fibroglandular density radiating beneath the nipple into the fatty tissue of the right breast. US showed an irregular, heterogeneously-hypoechoic mass with mild posterior transmission. The differential diagnosis of breast enlargement in men is discussed. Mammographical and US features of gynaecomastia and male breast carcinoma are presented.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/10. Syringocystadenoma papilliferum of the male breast.A 39-year-old man presented with a 2-cm, mildly tender mass in the right breast of many years' duration. Microscopic examination showed a syringocystadenoma papilliferum. Because of its location in the breast, we studied the lesion for immunohistochemical markers for apocrine differentiation. Gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 (GCDFP-15) staining yielded negative results in the cystic luminal epithelial cells, whereas GCDFP-15 and lysozyme staining yielded strongly positive results in the epithelial cells of adjacent tubular apocrine glands. Focal strong lysozyme positivity was seen in the cystic luminal epithelial cells. These findings do not support apocrine differentiation in this case, despite its location in the breast, an organ rich in specialized apocrine (lactiferous) glands. To our knowledge, this represents the first reported case of syringocystadenoma papilliferum of the male breast. We present the clinical and pathologic features of this unusual case and a review of the literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/10. Nodular hidradenoma of the breast: report of two cases with literature review.Two cases of nodular hidradenoma of the breast with possibly different origins are reported. Case 1 is of a 58-year-old female with a breast mass in the left, outer lower-quadrant. A histogenetical origin in the skin adnexal glands was suspected due to its superficial location and immunohistochemical findings. Case 2 is of a 44-year-old male with a subareolar nodule and nipple discharge. Histological examination demonstrated that the tumor was located deep in the breast tissue, was surrounded by dilated mammary ducts and exhibited intraductal extensions, which are all features mimicking those of breast cancer. Immunohistochemical positivity against gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 was weakly identified and negativity for endoplasmic reticulum was observed. This case can be interpreted as arising in the mammary ducts. It is well known that various kinds of skin adnexal tumors arise in the breast tissue; however, nodular hidradenoma of the breast is still a rare benign neoplasm. Clinically, nodular hidradenoma of the breast tends to occur in the nipple or subareolar region of the female breast. It should be kept in mind that nodular hidradenoma may occur in mammary ducts and it should be included when differential diagnoses are made of subareolar breast tumors.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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