1/8. Twenty-nine years after carbon monoxide intoxication.Carbon monoxide (CO) is a worldwide environmental toxin and a leading cause of deliberate or accidental poisoning. There is an extensive literature devoted to the clinical features and treatment of those victims who have survived acute CO poisoning for a short length of time. The long-term sequelae of non-fatal poisoning have received scanty references, and the prospects for the long-lasting survivors of acute CO intoxication are less clear. literature review uncovered reports of only three patients who were followed for a considerable period of time. We present a case of CO poisoning with progressive neurological and psychological deterioration that began 17 years after recovery from a severe, accidental CO asphyxia. The patient was examined in the neurology out patient clinic 29 years after the initial CO intoxication. We believe the unique status of this patient, her similarity to one other case in the literature and the circumstances allowing correlation of the clinical picture to the CO poisoning warrants emphasis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = intoxication (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/8. Butane abuse associated Encephalopathy.Butane contained in household products is easily available for abuse and is not subject to legal prosecution in germany. The toxicological properties of butane mainly affect the heart and the CNS. A serious pathophysiological mechanism is asphyxia due to the replacement of oxygen by butane. We report an abusive butane inhalation in a 15-year old girl, resulting in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and subsequent development of severe brain damage. After reviewing the medical literature and questioning German toxicological information centres it became obvious, that abuse of butane is an increasing problem. We give an survey about the complications associated with butane intoxication.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = intoxication (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/8. Chronic neuropsychological sequelae of cholinesterase inhibitors in the absence of structural brain damage: two cases of acute poisoning.Here we describe two cases of carbamate poisoning. patients AMF and PVM were accidentally poisoned by cholinesterase inhibitors. The medical diagnosis in both cases was overcholinergic syndrome, as demonstrated by exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors. The widespread use of cholinesterase inhibitors, especially as pesticides, produces a great number of human poisoning events annually. The main known neurotoxic effect of these substances is cholinesterase inhibition, which causes cholinergic overstimulation. Once AMF and PVM had recovered from acute intoxication, they were subjected to extensive neuropsychological evaluation 3 and 12 months after the poisoning event. These assessments point to a cognitive deficit in attention, memory, perceptual, and motor domains 3 months after intoxication. One year later these sequelae remained, even though the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans were interpreted as being within normal limits. We present these cases as examples of neuropsychological profiles of long-term sequelae related to acute poisoning by cholinesterase inhibitor pesticides and show the usefulness of neuropsychological assessment in detecting central nervous system dysfunction in the absence of biochemical or structural markers.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = intoxication (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/8. Nonketotic hyperglycemic coma in toddlers after unintentional methadone ingestion.methadone overdoses are increasing in parallel with the increased frequency of opiate substitution therapy in adults. Although unintentional methadone intoxication in children is rare, it is becoming more frequently recognized. We report 3 cases of unintentional methadone overdose in toddlers who initially displayed central nervous system depression associated with severe nonketotic hyperglycemia and discuss the possible pathophysiologic mechanisms of an underrecognized symptom of opiate intoxication in young children.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = intoxication (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/8. Cranial MRI in chronic thinner intoxication.We studied a 19-year-old man with thinner and toluene poisoning for 5 years by CT and MRI. Symmetrical lesions were seen in the basal ganglia and cingulate gyri.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = intoxication (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/8. Acute and chronic neuropsychological consequences of mercury vapor poisoning in two early adolescents.Mercury is an extremely toxic heavy metal that can devastate the central nervous system. The neuropsychological consequences of mercury vapor intoxication have been studied primarily in adults. We present two adolescent half-siblings, ages 13 and 15, who were unintentionally exposed to concentrated mercury vapor for 3 months. Both children participated in neuropsychological evaluations shortly after being diagnosed with mercury toxicity, and again 1 year later. Results from the initial assessments documented functional deficits consistent with diffuse encephalopathy. Upon follow-up, neuropsychological functioning had improved, but deficits remained in visuoperceptual and constructional skills, nonverbal memory, and conceptual abstraction. The deficits persisted despite removal from exposure, return of urinary and blood mercury to acceptable levels, and resolution of neuropsychiatric symptoms. The deficits were similar to, but more severe than, those found in adults suffering from mercury vapor intoxication. The results suggest that the developing brain may be especially vulnerable to mercury vapor toxicity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = intoxication (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/8. Chronic elemental mercury intoxication: neuropsychological follow-up case study.In initial and follow-up investigations of neuropsychological function in a patient with elemental mercury intoxication, his scores were compared with those of a group of normal control subjects matched for sex, age and education. Each subject received a comprehensive neuropsychological examination including a personality inventory. On the initial examination the results indicated that the patient had a significant depression of performance intellectual functioning, impairments of attention, non-verbal short-term memory and visual judgement of angles and directions, psychomotor retardation and personality changes including depression, anxiety, desire to be alone, lack of interest and sensitivity to physical problems. Such an impairment picture is compatible with the previous observations of individuals with chronic exposure to elemental, organic or inorganic mercury. The follow-up study was undertaken about 1.5 years later. The results show that the patient's cognitive and personality functions were fully recovered. Our findings thus suggest a reversibility of impaired neuropsychological function in persons with elemental mercury poisoning if a prompt removal from the toxic environment is accomplished, together with proper medical treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = intoxication (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/8. MR in trichloroethane poisoning.We present a case of acute trichloroethane intoxication caused by inhalation of typewriter correction fluid. CT and MR findings revealed lesions in the basal ganglia and cortex similar to those observed in patients with methanol and carbon monoxide poisoning.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = intoxication (Clic here for more details about this article) |