Cases reported "Body Weight"

Filter by keywords:



Filtering documents. Please wait...

1/14. nitrogen metabolism and insulin requirements in obese diabetic adults on a protein-sparing modified fast.

    A protein-sparing modified fast (PSMF), which is a total fast modified by the intake of 1.2-1.4 gm. protein per kilogram ideal body weight (IBW), fluids ad libitum, and vitamin and mineral supplementation, allows effective control of carbohydrate metabolism and hunger. It reduces serum glucose and insulin concentrations in obese diabetic patients and increases free fatty acid and ketone body concentrations; ketonuria appears within 24-72 hours. When this fast was applied to seven obese adult-onset diabetics who were receiving 30-100 units of insulin per day, insulin could be discontinued after 0-19 days (mean, 6.5). In the three patients who had extensive nitrogen-balance studies, balance could be maintained chronically by 1.3 gm. protein per kilogram IBW, despite the gross caloric inadequacy of the diet. The PSMF was tolerated well in an outpatient setting after the initial insulin-withdrawal phase had occurred in the hospital. Significant improvements in blood pressure, lipid abnormalities, parameters of carbohydrate metabolism, and cardiorespiratory, symptoms were associated with weight loss and/or the PSMF. For diabetics with some endogenous insulin reserve, the PSMF offers significant advantages for weight reduction, including preservation of lean body mass (as reflected in nitrogen balance) and withdrawal of exogenous insulin.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 1
keywords = caloric
(Clic here for more details about this article)

2/14. Is weight loss possible in patients treated with thiazolidinediones? Experience with a low-calorie diet.

    BACKGROUND: weight gain is a frequent side-effect of thiazolidinediones, possibly related to fluid retention and stimulation of pre-adipocyte differentiation. methods: We report our experience with a low-calorie diet (800 cal, sodium content 1500 mmol/day) combined with behavior modification on eight patients treated with thiazolidinediones (six pioglitazone and two rosiglitazone). RESULTS: All patients had reported previous weight gain following treatment with thiazolidinediones. All patients lost weight over 12 weeks in the program with their mean /- SD body weight falling from 270 /- 54 lbs (123 /- 25 kg) to 244 /- 61 lbs (111 /- 28 kg) (p < 0.01). The weight loss observed was no different from that observed in 16 age- and gender-matched patients with type 2 diabetes not treated with thiazolidinediones (from 263 /- 54 lbs (120 /- 25 kg) to 239 /- 52 lbs (109 /- 24 kg); p < 0.01). Glycemic control improved while reducing insulin treatment. blood pressure control also improved and antihypertensive medications were decreased. The degree and time course of weight loss is no different from that in patients treated with other diabetic therapies and is associated with improved glycemic and blood pressure control. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that a program of caloric restriction and behavior modification is effective in leading to weight loss in patients treated with thiazolidinediones. This effect is reassuring, since thiazolidinediones stimulate adipogenesis.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 1
keywords = caloric
(Clic here for more details about this article)

3/14. Efficacy of the Atkins diet as therapy for intractable epilepsy.

    The ketogenic diet is effective for treating seizures in children with epilepsy. The Atkins diet can also induce a ketotic state, but has fewer protein and caloric restrictions, and has been used safely by millions of people worldwide for weight reduction. Six patients, aged 7 to 52 years, were started on the Atkins diet for the treatment of intractable focal and multifocal epilepsy. Five patients maintained moderate to large ketosis for periods of 6 weeks to 24 months; three patients had seizure reduction and were able to reduce antiepileptic medications. This provides preliminary evidence that the Atkins diet may have a role as therapy for patients with medically resistant epilepsy.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 1
keywords = caloric
(Clic here for more details about this article)

4/14. Estimation of caloric deficit in a fatal case of starvation resulting from child neglect.

    We report the case of a 3-year-20-day-old girl who died of starvation as a result of severe neglect. Her body weight had been 12 kg 70 days before her death, but was only 5 kg at the time of autopsy. From information supplied by her parents to police, we calculated her daily caloric intake and estimated the factors for physical activity. The daily recommended dietary allowance for the victim was calculated from 700 kcal/ day x the appropriate factor for physical activity. In the absence of enough food, body fat (7.2 kcal/g body fat) and protein (4 kcal/g protein) would have been used to compensate until death. The calculated body weight at the time of death was around 5 kg. The statements of the parents therefore appear to be true.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 5
keywords = caloric
(Clic here for more details about this article)

5/14. Spontaneous hypoglycemia in end-stage renal failure.

    Five men with end-stage renal failure had spontaneous hypoglycemia during lengthy hospitalizations. Four were cachectic, and all five had weight loss and poor caloric intake. malnutrition were seen also in some of the ten previous case reports of hypoglycemia in renal failure. Impaired renal gluconeogenesis may allow hypoglycemia in such patients.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 1
keywords = caloric
(Clic here for more details about this article)

6/14. Behavioral assessment and management of food refusal in children with cystic fibrosis.

    Four children with cystic fibrosis, ranging in age from 10 to 40 months, were admitted to a specialized pediatric unit for evaluation and treatment of malnutrition. All were below the fifth percentile for weight despite appropriate pancreatic enzyme replacement and outpatient nutritional counseling. Dietary evaluation revealed oral intake of 48% to 62% of that required for growth. Standardized nursing and psychological assessments of feeding behaviors during meals indicated a low acceptance rate of foods and a high rate of maladaptive feeding behaviors. Treatment consisted of behavioral management using positive reinforcement of food acceptance, extinction of negative behaviors, and parent training. Mean percentage of caloric intake increased from 54% to 92% for the four patients. At long-term follow-up, the patients who continued the program demonstrated substantial and persistent catch-up growth. Behavioral feeding disorders may contribute to failure to thrive in patients with cystic fibrosis and must be considered when growth failure occurs despite correct medical management and apparently mild pulmonary and gastrointestinal involvement.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 1
keywords = caloric
(Clic here for more details about this article)

7/14. Functional changes during nutritional repletion in patients with lung disease.

    In conclusion, the weight loss in COPD is associated with hypermetabolism. Under these circumstances, caloric intake may be insufficient to meet increased metabolic demands, thereby contributing to progressive weight loss. This is in contrast to depleted surgical patients who have energy expenditures 5% below predicted. There is an increased VE in patients receiving a high-carbohydrate diet, secondary to an increased VCO2 that is similar to that seen in patients with neither COPD nor weight loss. Neither diet composition, whether high-carbohydrate or high-fat, nor refeeding have any effect on PaCO2. However, ventilatory drive does appear to be influenced by nutritional repletion. There was an increased sensitivity to PaCO2, independent of diet composition, during a high caloric intake. Respiratory and skeletal muscle function increased, particularly strength, endurance, and work efficiency, indicating that the increased metabolic demand can be well tolerated. It should be noted, however, that refeeding the COPD patient must be done as a preventive measure at the start of weight loss. patients with long-term weight loss and end-stage COPD appear unable to tolerate any increase in metabolic demand; consequently, they cannot improve respiratory and skeletal muscle function through refeeding.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 2
keywords = caloric
(Clic here for more details about this article)

8/14. weight gain associated with decreases in smoking rate and nicotine intake.

    The mechanisms involved in the weight gain associated with smoking cessation are not well known. This study employed a single-subject design to investigate changes in weight following systematic reductions in smoking rate and cigarette nicotine content. Although there were no changes in the subject's caloric intake or physical activity, a weight gain of 3.6 kg was observed after 4 months of reduced rate and nicotine intake. These results suggest that weight change during smoking reduction and cessation may be primarily due to changes in factors other than caloric intake or activity.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 2
keywords = caloric
(Clic here for more details about this article)

9/14. A behavioral program for the management of anorexia and bulimia.

    The results of a behavioral treatment program for two cases of anorexia and bulimia are presented. The program involved inpatient contingency management for weight gain, thought stopping, flooding, response prevention for bulimia and emesis, and training in self-monitoring skills of caloric intake and weight. The results for both cases indicate that the inpatient program was associated with specific increases in body weight and caloric consumption which were generally maintained at 2-year follow-ups. Flooding and response prevention also appeared to be generally successful in reducing both emesis and bulimia urges and episodes, whereas thought stopping did not appreciably change these behaviors. serum pituitary gonadotropins (follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone) were also restored to normal or near normal levels. Self-monitoring of eating behaviors including caloric intake, emesis, and bulimia seemed to be a useful maintenance strategy and provided timely data for the application of booster treatments during later follow-up intervals.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 3
keywords = caloric
(Clic here for more details about this article)

10/14. Protein-caloric malnutrition and systemic lupus erythematosus.

    We report 5 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who presented with severe protein-caloric malnutrition that overshadowed the clinical picture of SLE. All 5 patients had severe anemia, extreme lymphopenia and hypoalbuminemia, but all 5 also had striking hypergammaglobulinemia with high titers of autoantibodies. These patients show that SLE may occur in subjects with endemic malnutrition and suggest that the production of autoantibodies in SLE patients overrules the requirements for the production of other proteins.
- - - - - - - - - -
ranking = 5
keywords = caloric
(Clic here for more details about this article)
| Next ->


Leave a message about 'Body Weight'


We do not evaluate or guarantee the accuracy of any content in this site. Click here for the full disclaimer.