Cases reported "Aortic Rupture"

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1/199. Rupture of aortic aneurysm with right-sided haemothorax.

    A 62-yr-old male with a history of high blood pressure was admitted for persistent dyspnoea and a right-sided pleural effusion, complicated by a recent episode of shock. There was no history of trauma and the patient denied any thoracic pain. A chest tube was inserted which released nonclotting bloody fluid. A thoracic computed tomographic scan of the chest revealed an aneurysm of the inferior third of the descending thoracic aorta. The patient underwent a successful prosthetic graft replacement. We emphasize that rupture of aortic aneurysms should be considered in the evaluation of spontaneous haemothorax even if it is right-sided and not associated with pain.
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ranking = 1
keywords = chest
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2/199. cardiac tamponade and death from intrapericardial rupture [corrected] of sinus of valsalva aneurysm.

    A 35-year-old woman presented with dyspnea and chest pain. She had a large aneurysm of the non-coronary sinus of valsalva. Before her scheduled urgent surgery, the patient collapsed and died of cardiac tamponade secondary to intrapericardial rupture of the aneurysm. We would advocate urgent repair of this type of lesion to prevent such an outcome. We are aware of no other specific reports addressing extracardiac rupture of non-coronary cusp aneurysms [corrected].
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ranking = 0.5
keywords = chest
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3/199. Small ruptured abdominal aneurysm diagnosed by emergency physician ultrasound.

    Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms currently have a high rate of both mortality and misdiagnosis. Aneurysms smaller than 4 cm are not commonly considered for surgical repair. This report describes the case of a ruptured abdominal aneurysm measuring less than 4 cm diagnosed by the emergency physician utilizing bedside ultrasound. Within 30 minutes of arrival at the emergency department the patient's abdominal pain resolved spontaneously after defecation. If the bedside ultrasound had not been performed it is possible the patient would have been discharged from the hospital without surgical intervention. Bedside ultrasound by emergency physicians may improve the diagnosis of ruptured aortic aneurysms, particularly if the presentation is atypical.
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ranking = 0.59103048910437
keywords = abdominal pain
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4/199. Chronic aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta presenting with right pleural effusion and left phrenic paralysis.

    A 62-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department with chronic dysphagia and lower back pain. Chest radiography revealed a wide mediastinal shadow and an elevated left diaphragm, which proved to be secondary to left phrenic paralysis. The patient was diagnosed with an aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta and was admitted to the hospital. After the patient was admitted, the aneurysm ruptured into the right chest. The patient underwent an emergency operation to replace the ruptured segment with a synthetic graft. Postoperative recovery and follow-up were uneventful. This report describes an unusual presentation of a thoracic aortic aneurysm. Hemidiaphragmatic paralysis caused by compression of the phrenic nerve is an unusual complication that, to our knowledge, has not been previously reported.
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ranking = 3.7994737665832
keywords = back pain, chest, back
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5/199. Traumatic aortic rupture: delayed presentation with a normal chest radiograph.

    Traumatic aortic injury is a potentially fatal complication of blunt trauma. patients with this entity may have a constellation of signs and symptoms and frequently have other significant injuries. The diagnosis is often suspected through abnormalities on the presenting chest radiograph. Delay in diagnosis results in increased morbidity and mortality. This report details the delayed presentation of an ambulatory patient with traumatic aortic rupture and a normal chest radiograph.
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ranking = 3
keywords = chest
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6/199. Acute traumatic dissection and blunt rupture of the thoracic descending aorta: A case report.

    Rupture of the thoracic aorta following blunt trauma is increasing in incidence and remains a highly lethal injury. Blunt traumatic rupture and acute dissection of the thoracic aorta is very rare. A 50-year-old man involved in a motor vehicle accident on March 3, 1998 was admitted to our hospital one and a half hours following the accident. On admission, he was alert and his hemodynamics were stable. Chest roentgenogram demonstrated a widened mediastinum and multiple left-sided rib fractures. Enhanced chest CT revealed a periaortic hematoma just distal to the isthmus, dissection of the descending thoracic aorta and mediastinal hematoma. With the diagnosis of thoracic aortic rupture and acute DeBakey type IIIB dissection, an emergency operation was performed. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiogram showed a mobile intimal flap and diminished caliber of the proximal descending aorta. Disruption and dissection of the descending thoracic aorta were found. Prosthetic graft interposition was accomplished with the aid of left atrium-left femoral artery bypass using a centrifugal pump and heparin-coated circuits and a blood collection device for blood conservation. The weak dissected aortic wall was glued and reapproximated with Gelatine-Resorcine-Formol glue. The postoperative course was uneventful.
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ranking = 0.5
keywords = chest
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7/199. Acute rupture of an aortic false aneurysm treated with a stent-graft.

    PURPOSE: To report the use of an aortic endograft to treat a ruptured false aneurysm at the anastomosis of an aortofemoral bypass graft. methods AND RESULTS: A 68-year-old man with a 30-year-old aorto-right femoral bypass and multiple comorbidities was admitted to the hospital complaining of acute abdominal pain. Imaging identified a 60-mm ruptured aortic false aneurysm with associated retroperitoneal hematoma, a 9-cm right femoral false aneurysm, and a calcified 23-mm left common iliac aneurysm. Two slightly overlapping Vanguard straight stent-grafts were implanted in the aorta and left common iliac artery in an emergency procedure owing to the patient's high surgical risk. The anastomotic false aneurysm and the bypass were excluded. A left-to-right femorofemoral bypass was performed to re-establish flow to the right femoral artery with ligation of the external iliac artery. The patient recovered uneventfully. He remained well with a successful repair until his death of a myocardial infarction 6 months after the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular grafting can be used successfully for the urgent treatment of aortic false aneurysm rupture.
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ranking = 0.59103048910437
keywords = abdominal pain
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8/199. Unusual origin and fistulization of an aortic pseudoaneurysm: "off-pump" surgical repair.

    Aortic pseudoaneurysm is an unusual complication of cardiac operations. The origin depends on the site of arterial wall disruption. Rupture into the right side of the bronchial tree is an exceedingly rare evolution. Repair is commonly performed using cardiopulmonary bypass. In our report a male patient underwent two procedures for aortic dissection, and 6 months after the second operation massive hemoptysis appeared abruptly. A false aneurysm rose from a graft-to-graft anastomotic site and ruptured into a segmental bronchus of the right upper lobe. Repair was performed without cardiopulmonary bypass.
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ranking = 0.014338536949225
keywords = upper
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9/199. Impending rupture of the descending aorta by enlargement of the false lumen after graft replacement with the elephant trunk technique: report of a case.

    We report herein a case of an impending rupture of the descending aorta caused by an enlargement of the false lumen after a graft replacement using the elephant trunk technique. The patient was a 51-year-old woman who had received a graft replacement of the ascending aorta for an acute Stanford type A aortic dissection 6 years previously. An enhanced computed tomographic scan and digital subtraction angiography revealed pseudoaneurysms at the proximal and distal anastomotic site, and a residual dissection of the aortic arch. A graft replacement of the ascending aorta to the aortic arch was performed with the distal site using the elephant trunk technique. Five days after the operation, massive bleeding from the drainage tube occurred. A chest enhanced computed tomographic scan suggested an impending rupture of the descending aorta caused by an enlargement of the false lumen. A graft replacement of the descending aorta was carried out. Postoperatively she had no complications, and digital subtraction angiography showed an excellent reconstruction of the thoracic aorta. One month after the second operation, she was discharged from hospital.
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ranking = 0.5
keywords = chest
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10/199. Traumatic total axial reversal of the thoracic vertebral body.

    Numerous vertebral fracture patterns have been reported in the literature. We present the case of a patient who sustained severe trauma to the back that resulted in a very unusual and not previously reported rotational injury consisting in complete 180 degrees rotation of the T6 vertebral body along a vertical axis, with only limited anteroposterior and lateral displacement. An unsuspected aortic tear resulted in severe evolution with fatal outcome following surgical attempt. The aetiology of such displacement is unknown. The possibility of late vascular complications should be kept in mind while treating thoracic spine fractures with rotational displacement.
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ranking = 0.28882773789227
keywords = back
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