1/42. A case of acute phlegmonous gastritis successfully treated with antibiotics.Acute phlegmonous gastritis is a rare disorder in which bacterial infection occurs in the gastric wall. gastrectomy involving the affected area has been thought to be an effective form of treatment. The authors report a case of a 32-year-old woman who had severe upper abdominal pain without signs of peritoneal irritation. endoscopy showed edematous and reddened gastric mucosa with a mass lesion in the gastric antrum. Endoscopic ultrasonography showed thickening of the antral wall and a low-echoic mass in the gastric antrum, thought to represent a fluid collection. White pus was aspirated from the mass. Localized type of acute phlegmonous gastritis with a gastric abscess was diagnosed. culture of the pus showed streptococcus pneumoniae. Through early diagnosis without laparotomy, the patient's gastritis was successfully treated with antibiotics alone.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/42. Acute fatty liver of pregnancy showing microbial infection in the liver.A 24-year-old, nulliparous woman in her 30th week of pregnancy was admitted due to threatened premature delivery. Ritodrin chloride relieved the premature contraction of the uterus but jaundice and drowsiness appeared 7 weeks later. Laboratory data revealed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with intrahepatic cholestasis, and ultrasound examination showed fatty liver. The patient was diagnosed with acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP). Emergency delivery by Caesarean section was performed at 37 weeks of pregnancy and the liver function and DIC improved immediately. Liver biopsy 13 days after delivery showed nuclear swelling and cytoplasmic ballooning with mild fatty deposition. These findings were relatively compatible with acute AFLP. Higher magnification and electron microscopy revealed intracytoplasmic bacteria and fungus in the residual stage. The bacterial infection could be considered related to AFLP.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/42. The perplexing problem of prostatitis.prostatitis presents the physician with a perplexing problem. It is seen often but is not easily treated. The acute form is serious but responds to antibiotic therapy. Chronic prostatitis does not respond well to any form of therapy, and opinion is divided regarding its cause. Bacterial localization tests have helped significantly in the diagnosis of chronic prostatitis. When Gram-negative organisms are found only in the prostatic fluid or in the last voided urine, bacterial prostatitis can be diagnosed. Most antibiotics, however, do not cross prostatic epithelium to combine with prostatic fluid; those that do are not effective against Gram-negative organisms. New agents hold promise but lack the test of time. While some cases of chronic disease definitely are caused by bacterial infection, most probably are not. The diagnosis in these instances is abacterial prostatitis. Treatment is symptomatic and varied. A phenomenon that adds to the mystery of etiology is the fact that antibiotics, particularly tetracycline, may help. psychotherapy often is needed but seldom is accepted. The physician must rule out underlying causes, such as a physical abnormality of the urinary system, for any form of prostatitis before considering it an isolated disorder.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/42. Combined coliform and anaerobic infection of the lacrimal sac.A case is reported of combined coliform and anaerobic bacterial infection of the lacrimal sac, a condition of which there is only one other published case report. In addition, a literature review is presented of the bacteriology of acute dacryocystitis as it applies to this case. Recommendations for the microbiological investigation and management of acute dacryocystitis are made.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/42. Acute rheumatic fever in a patient with glycogen storage disease type Ib: causal or coincidental simultaneous occurrence?We report a Caucasian female who was diagnosed with glycogen storage disease type Ib (GSD-Ib) at the age of 4 months and whose clinical course was complicated by neutropenia and very frequent episodes of infection, including tonsillopharyngitis. Recurrent group A streptococcal infections resulted in multiple episodes of extremely high serum levels of antibodies to streptolysin O (5,000 IU/ml) and DNAse B (6,000 IU/ ml). At the age of 14 years she presented with carditis, migratory arthritis, fever, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate as well as serological evidence for recent streptococcal infection providing a diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. CONCLUSION: the occurrence of these two very rare disorders in our patient may indicate that this association is not coincidental because neutrophil dysfunction in glycogen storage disease type Ib may have predisposed this patient to acute rheumatic fever due to increased susceptibility to group A streptococcal infections. aberrant glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, neutropenia and neutrophil dysfunction are regular findings in GSD-Ib. neutropenia and neutrophil dysfunction in patients with GSD-Ib are due to defects in myeloid maturation, impaired neutrophil motility, defective chemotaxis and phagocytosis and diminished bactericidal activity resulting in recurrent bacterial infections.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/42. Acute generalized Hailey-Hailey disease.A patient with extensive histologically proven Hailey-Hailey disease is described whose initial clinical presentation was suggestive of erythema multiforme or toxic epidermal necrolysis. This potentially misleading morphology of acute proven Hailey-Hailey disease has not been described previously and may be a consequence of bacterial infection exacerbating acantholysis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/42. Acute focal bacterial nephritis: report of four cases.Focal acute bacterial nephritis is a localized bacterial infection of the kidney presenting as an inflammatory mass not containing drainable pus. The further distinction between acute focal bacterial nephritis and other renal masses is aided by the appropriate use of renal sonography and computed tomography. We report 4 cases with this entity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/42. Long-term follow-up of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor mutations in patients with severe congenital neutropenia: implications for leukaemogenesis and therapy.Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is characterized by profound neutropenia, recurrent severe bacterial infections and maturation arrest in the myeloid lineage. granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment results in clinical improvement in over 90% of cases. Point mutations of the G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR) have been implicated in the progression of SCN to acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Data are presented here on the 9-year follow-up of seven patients and the further screening of 18 other cases. One of the two original cases with a G-CSFR mutation has improved clinically; nevertheless, mutant dna could still be detected at a very low level > 8 years after identification. The second child with a mutation progressed to myelodysplasia/AML 5 years after her mutation was detected. No mutations were found in the 18 new cases. One of three transformed cases had a G-CSFR mutation. This work is in agreement with the suggestion that G-CSFR mutations may provide a survival advantage to haemopoietic stem cells, but argues against the inevitability of leukaemic progression in their presence. Furthermore, the low frequency of G-CSFR mutations in SCN and the importance of regular screening and close clinical and laboratory follow-up if a mutation is found were demonstrated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/42. Late-onset cytomegalovirus reactivation in critically ill renal transplant patients.BACKGROUND: cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation occurs frequently in the first months after renal transplantation. However, reports concerning long-term kidney transplant recipients are rare and have always pertained to symptomatic CMV disease. methods: We report four cases of late-onset asymptomatic CMV reactivation in critically ill renal transplant patients who suffered from severe bacterial infections and in whom CMV antigenemia was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: CMV reactivation in these patients might indicate an additional disturbance in the patients' immune defenses at the time of critical illness, possibly even necessitating a temporary reduction in immunosuppressive therapy. Prospective, controlled trials are needed to define the role of CMV antigenemia in critically ill patients, including the role of antiviral therapy for asymptomatic reactivations.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/42. The safety and efficacy of topical norfloxacin compared with chloramphenicol for the treatment of external ocular bacterial infections. The norfloxacin-chloramphenicol Ophthalmic Study Group.Two hundred and forty-six patients with signs of acute bacterial conjunctivitis and/or blepharitis were randomised to receive either norfloxacin or chloramphenicol for one week in this double-masked parallel group study. Ninety-two per cent of the norfloxacin-treated patients and 93% of the chloramphenicol-treated patients were rated as either clinically improved or cured at the end of the treatment period. Based upon pre-treatment bacteriological cultures, 31.3% of the patients had significant bacterial infection of the lids and/or conjunctiva. All of these culture-positive patients were rated as either clinically improved or cured. Based upon post-treatment cultures, 72 of 82 strains of Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were eradicated or suppressed following treatment with either norfloxacin or chloramphenicol. However six of 41 strains persisted for norfloxacin and four of 41 for chloramphenicol. Two norfloxacin-treated patients and three chloramphenicol-treated patients had adverse experiences, predominantly ocular discomfort, which required cessation of drug therapy. norfloxacin appears to be an effective and relatively safe agent for the treatment of bacterial infections of the lids and/or conjunctiva. In this study, norfloxacin was clinically and microbiologically similar in activity to chloramphenicol.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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